The Book of
the Prayer for Rain from Sunan Abu Dawud
1161 It was
reported from Ma’mar from Az-Zuhri, from ‘Abbad bin Tamim, from his paternal
uncle that the Messenger of Allah (saw) went out with the people to ask
(Supplicate) for rain. He prayed two Rak’ahs, reciting aloud in them, and he
turned his Rida’ around. And he raised his hands, supplicating, and asking for
rain, and he faced the Qiblah.” (Sahih)
1162 It was
reported from Ibn Abi Dhi’b and Yunus from Ibn Shihab, who said: “Abbad bin
Tamim Al-Mazini heard from his paternal uncle, who was a Companion of the
Messenger of Allah (saw), that he said: ‘One day, the Messenger of Allah (saw)
went with the people, supplicating for rain. He turned his back to the people,
supplicating to Allah, the Mighty and Sublime.’ – Sulaiman bin Dawud (one of
the narrators) said: ‘He faced the Qiblah, turned his Rida’, then prayed two
Rak’ahs.’ – Ibn Abi Dhi’b said: ‘And he recited in them.’ Ibn As-Sarh (one of
the narrators) added: ‘Meaning: recited aloud.’” (Sahih)
1163 It was
reported from Az-Zubaidi, from Muhammad bin Muslim – this Hadith – with his
chain (a narration similar to 110-1162). He did not mention the prayer, and he
said: “And he turned his Rida’, such that its right side was upon his left shoulder,
and its left side was upon his right shoulder. Then he supplicated to Allah,
the Mighty and Sublime.” (Sahih)
1164 It was
reported from ‘Umarah bin Ghaziyyah, from ‘Abbad bin Tamim, from ‘Abdullah bin
Zaid, who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) sought (supplicated for) rain while
he was wearing a black Khamisah. The Messenger of Allah (saw) intended to
switch it around, such that its lower part would become the higher part, but
when he found difficulty in that, he switched it around over his shoulders.”
(Sahih)
1165 Hisham
bin Ishaq bin ‘Abdullah bin Kinanah narrated that his father narrated to him,
that the Amir of Al-Madinah, Al-Walid bin ‘Uqbah – according to ‘Uthman (one of
the narrators): Ibn ‘Utbah – sent him to Ibn ‘Abbas asking him about the rain
prayer of the Messenger of Allah (saw). So he (Ibn ‘Abbas) narrated: “The
Messenger of Allah (saw) went out (meaning in the open outside the city),
wearing modest clothes, in a state of humbleness and displaying neediness (to
Allah), until he came to the prayer ground” – ‘Uthman (one of the narrators)
added: And ascended the Minbar – “And he did not deliver any Khutbah such as
you do, but he continued to supplicate and petition (Allah), and say the
Takbir. Then he prayed two Rak’ahs as is performed for ‘Eid.” (Hasan)
Abu Dawud said: This narration is that of An-Nufaili, and
what is correct is (Al-Walid) bin ‘Utbah.
1166 Abu Bakr
bin Muhammad reported from ‘Abbad bin Tamim, that ‘Abdullah bin Zaid informed
him, that the Messenger of Allah (saw) once went out to the prayer ground
(Musalla) in order to seek rain, and that, when he wanted to supplicate, he
faced the Qiblah, then turned his Rida’ around. (Sahih)
1167 It was
reported from ‘Abdullah bin Abi Bakr that he heard ‘Abbas bin Tamim saying: “I
heard ‘Abdullah bin Zaid Al-Mazini saying: ‘The Messenger of Allah (saw) went
out to the prayer ground to seek rain, and he turned his Rida’ when he faced
the Qiblah.’” (Sahih)
1168 Muhammad
bin Ibrahim reported from Umair, the freed slave of the children of Abi
Al-Lahm, that he saw the Prophet (saw) asking (supplicating) for rain at Ahjar
Az-Zait, close to Az-Zawra’. He was standing, supplicating, asking for rain;
with his hands raised in front of his face. His hands would not go above his
head. (Sahih)
1169 It was
reported from Yazid bin Al-Faqir, from Jabir bin Abdullah, that he said: “Some
people came to the Prophet (saw), crying (and complaining). So he said: ‘Allahumma
asqina ghaithan mughithan mari’an mari’ah nafi’an ghaira Darrin, ‘ajilan ghaira
ajil (O Allah! Grant us rain – a rain that is helpful, blessed and fruitful
(for the crops); (a rain that is) beneficial and not harmful, immediate and not
delayed.)’ So the skies covered them up.” (Hasan)
1170 It was
reported from Qatadah from Anas that the Prophet (saw) would not raise his
hands in any supplication except for seeking rain, for he would raise his hands
until the whiteness of his armpits could be seen. (Sahih)
1171 It was
reported from Hammad, that Thabit had informed them from Anas that the Prophet
(saw) would seek rain like this – meaning – he stretched out his hands, and he
made the inner palms of his hands face the ground, until I could see the
whiteness of his armpits. (Sahih)
1172 It was
reported from Muhammad bin Ibrahim: “One who saw the Prophet (saw) informed me
that he saw the Prophet (saw) supplicating at Ahjar Az-Zait with his hands
spread out. (Sahih)
1173 It was
reported from ‘Aishah, that she said: “The people complained to the Messenger
of Allah (saw) about the lack of rain. So he ordered that his Minbar be placed
in the prayer ground (Musalla), and he appointed a day for the people to come
out. The Messenger of Allah (saw) went out when the sun’s rays could be seen,
and sat on the Mibar. He glorified Allah and praised Him, then said: ‘You have
complained regarding the lack of rain on your lands, and the delay of rain from
its usual time. And Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, has commanded you to
supplicate to Him, and promised that He will respond to you.’ Then he said: ‘Al-hamdulillahi
rabbil-‘alamin, ar-rahmanir-rahim, maliki yawmid-din. La ilaha illallah, yaf’alu
ma yurid. Allahumma! Antallah, la illaha illa anta, al-ghanyyu, wa
nahnul-fuqara’. Anzil ‘alainal-ghaitha waj’al ma anzalta lana quwwatan wa
balaghan ila hin. (All praise is due to Allah, the Lord of all that exists; the
Ever-Beneficent, the Most Merciful; King of the Day of Judgment. None has the
right to be worshipped but Allah. He does what He wills. O Allah! You are Allah
– None has the right to be worshipped but You: the Self-Sufficient Who is not
in need of anything, and we are the destitute (always in need of You). Send
down rain upon us, and make what You have sent down a sustenance and a means to
live by for a time being).’
Then he raised his hands, and continued to do so until
the whiteness of his armpits could be seen. He then turned his back to the
people, and turned – or turned upside down – his Rida’ around while his hands
were raised. Then he turned around to face the people, descended (from the
Minbar) and prayed two Rak’ahs.
So Allah caused a cloud to form, and it sent forth its
lightning and thunder, then it rained by the permission of Allah. The Prophet
(saw) did not return to his Masjid except that streams had started flowing (in
the streets). So when he saw how quickly they were looking for shelter, he laughed
so much that his molars could be seen, and said: ‘I testify that Allah is
capable of doing all things, and that I am the slave of Allah and His
Messenger.’” (Hasan)
Abu Dawud said: This Hadith is Gharib, and its chain is
good. The people of Al-Madinah recite: ‘King (Malik) of the Day of Judgment,’
and this Hadith is a proof for them.
1174 (It was
reported from ‘Abdul-‘Aziz bin Suhaib and Thabit) from Anas, who said: “A
drought once afflicted the inhabitants of Al-Madinah during the time of the
Messenger of Allah (saw). So when he was delivering the Khutbah on Friday, a
person stood up and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! Our horses have perished, and
our sheep have perished, so pray to Allah to grant us rain.’ So the Messenger
of Allah (saw) extended his hands and supplicated. And the sky was as clear as
glass! But the winds began to blow, and clouds formed and merged, then the
skies poured down rain. So we left (the Masjid) wading through the water until
we reached our houses. And it continued raining until the next Friday. So that
same man, or perhaps another man, stood up and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! The
houses have been destroyed, so pray to Allah that he withholds it (the rain,
from us).’ So the Messenger of Allah (saw) smiled and said: ‘Hawalaina wa la ‘alaina
[(O Allah!) Around us and not on us],’ and I saw the clouds splitting up around
Al-Madinah, as if they were a crown.” (Sahih)
1175 Sharik
bin ‘Abdullah bin Abi Namir reported that he heard Anas saying – and he
mentioned similar to the narration (similar to no, 1174) of ‘Abdul-‘Aziz. He
said: “So the Messenger of Allah (saw) raised his hands to the level of his
face, and said: ‘Allahummasqina (O Allah! Send rain on us...)’” and the rest of
the narration is the same. (Sahih)
1176 It was
reported from ‘Amr bin Shu’aib, from his father, from his grandfather, who
said: “When the Messenger of Allah (saw) supplicated for rain, he said: ‘Allahumma
isqi ‘ibadika wa baha’imaka wanshur rahmataka wa ahyi baladakal-mayyit (O
Allah! Send rain for Your worshippers and Your creatures and spread Your Mercy,
and revive Your dying land).’” This is the wording of Malik. (Da’if)
1177 It was
narrated by Isma’il Ibn ‘Ulayyah, from Ibn Juraij, from ‘Ata’, from ‘Ubaid bin ‘Umair,
that he said: “Someone whom I trust to be truthful – (‘Ata’ said) I presumed he
meant ‘Aishah – narrated to me: ‘There was a solar eclipse during the time of
the Prophet (saw), so the Prophet (saw) stood in prayer for a long time leading
the people. Then he would go into Ruu’, then stand, then go into Ruku’, then
stand, then go into Ruku’; praying two Rak’ahs. In each Rak’ah, there would be
three Ruku’s; after the third one he would prostrate. (He stood for such a long
time) that the men were about to faint due to the length that he stood, so much
so that buckets of water would be poured over them. He would say “Allahu Akbar
(Allah is Most Great)” when going into Ruku’: and when he stood up: “Sami’ Allahu
liman hamidah (Allah has heard those who praise Him).” (He continued praying)
until the sun was visible again, then he said: “Verily, the sun and the moon do
not eclipse due to the death or life (birth) of anyone, but these two
(eclipses) are of the signs of Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, by which He
frightens His servants. So when they are eclipsed, hasten to the Salat.’”
(Sahih)
1178 It was
reported from Yahya, from ‘Abdul-Malik, that ‘Ata’ narrated to him from Jabir
bin Abdullah, who said: “There was a solar eclipse during the time of the
Messenger of Allah (saw), and it occurred the day that Ibrahim, the son of the
Messenger of Allah (saw), died. So the people said that the eclipse was due to
the death of his son Ibrahim.
Therefore, the Prophet (saw) stood in prayer, and led the
people in six Ruku’s in four prostrations. He said the Takbir, then he recited
(the Qur’an) and made it a lengthy recitation, then he went into Ruku’ for a
period of time similar to what he had stood, then he raised his head and
recited for a length of time that was less than the first recitation. Then he
went into Ruku’ for a period of time similar to what he had stood. Then raised
his head and recited a third time, slightly less than what he had recited the
second time. Then he went into Ruku’ for as long as he stood, then raised his
head, and went into prostration, and prostrated twice. Then he stood up, and
performed three Ruku’s before he prostrated – every Ruku’ was for a shorter
duration than the one before it, and each Ruku’ would be similar to the length
that he had stood.
Then he moved backwards during his prayer, so the row
behind him moved backwards as well, then he went forward and stood in his usual
place, and the row went forward as well. When he finished the prayer, the sun
had appeared again. He said: ‘O people! The sun and the moon are two of the
signs of Allah, the Mighty and Sublime. They do not eclipse due to the death of
any person. So when you see such (an eclipse), then perform Salat until it
becomes clear again.’” And he narrated the remainder of the Hadith. (Sahih)
1179 It was
reported from Abu Az-Zubair, from Jabir, who said: “There was a solar eclipse
during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah (saw) on a very hot day. The
Messenger of Allah (saw) led the Companions in prayer, and stood up for a long
time – so much so that they began to fall. Then he went into Ruku’ for a long
time, then he stood up for a long time, then he went into Ruku’ for a long
time, then he stood up for a long time. Then he prostrated twice, and then
stood up and repeated these acts. So it was four Ruku’s and four
prostrations...” and he completed the remainder of the Hadith (as in no. 1178).
(Sahih)
1180 ‘Urwah
bin Az-Zubair reported from ‘Aishah, the wife of the Prophet (saw), that she
said: “There was a solar eclipse during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah
(saw). So the Messenger of Allah (saw) went to the Masjid, stood up and said
the Takbir, and the people lined up (in rows) behind him. The Messenger of
Allah (saw) recited (the Qur’an) for a long time, then said the Takbir and went
into Ruku’ for a long time. Then he raised his head and said: ‘Sami’ Allahu
liman hamidah, Rabban wa lakal Hamd (Allah hears those who praise Him; our
Lord, and to You belongs praise).’ So he stood up and recited a lengthy
recitation, which was not as long as the first recitation. Then he said the
Takbir and went into Ruku’ for a long time, but not as lengthy as the first
Ruku’. Then he said: ‘Sami’ Allahu liman hamidah, Rabban wa lakal-Hamd (Allah
hears those who praise Him; our Lord, and to you belongs praise),’ and he
repeated the same acts in the other Rak’ah. So he completed four Ruku’s and
four prostrations, and the sun had become visible before he finished (the
prayer).” (Sahih)
1181 It was
reported from Kathir bin ‘Abbas, who said that ‘Abdullah bin ‘Abbas, who said
that ‘Abdullah bin ‘Abbas would narrate that the Messenger of Allah (saw)
prayed during a solar eclipse, and his Hadith was similar to the Hadith of ‘Urwah
from ‘Aishah, from the Messenger of Allah (saw), that he prayed two Rak’ahs
(no. 1180), with two Ruku’ in each Rak’ah. (Sahih)
1182 It was
reported from Ubayy bin Ka’b, that he said: “There was a solar eclipse during
the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah (saw). The Prophet (saw) led them in
prayer reciting one of the legthy Surah, and went into Ruku’ five times, and
performed two prostrations. Then he stood up for the second Rak’ah and recited
a lengthy Surah, and went into Ruku’ five times, and performed two
prostrations. Then he sat as he was – facing the Qiblah – supplicating until
the eclipse was over.” (Da’if)
1183 Tawus
reported from Ibn ‘Abbas, from the Prophet (saw), that he prayed during a solar
eclipse. He recited (the Qur’an), then went into Ruku’, then recited, then went
into Ruku’, then recited, then went into Ruku’, then recited, then went into Ruku’.
Then he prostrated, and he prayed the second Rak’ah in a similar fashion.
(Sahih)
1184 Tha’labah
bin ‘Ibad Al-‘Abdi, from the city of Al-Basrah, narrated that he attended a
Friday Khutbah of Samurah bin Jundab, in which Samurah said: “Once, a boy from
the Ansar and I were practicing (shooting arrows) at two targets of ours. When
the sun had reached two or three spear’s length over the horizon in the eyes of
a beholder, it returned as if it were a Tannumah.* One of us said to the other:
‘Let us return to the Masjid, for, by Allah, this (eclipse) of the sun will
cause the Messenger of Allah (saw) to do something new with the Ummah.’ So we
returned, and saw him clearly, leading (the people) in prayer. He led us in
this prayer longer than he had led us in any other prayer, and we could not
hear his voice. Then he went into Ruku’ longer than any other Ruku’ he had led
us in, and we could not hear his voice. Then he went into prostration – longer than
any prostration he had led us in before, and we could not hear his voice. He
then repeated the same actions in the second Rak’ah. While he was sitting down
in the second Rak’ah, the sun appeared again. He then said the Taslim, stood
up, praised Allah and glorified Him and testified that none has the right to be
worshipped but Allah, and that he is the servant and Messenger of Allah...”
then Ahmad bin Yunus (the narrator) completed the Khutbah of the Prophet (saw).
(Hasan)
*Tannumah: It is either a tree or a plant whose leaves
and or fruits are dark in color or black.
1185 Qabisah
Al-Hilali narrated: “There was a solar eclipse during the lifetime of the
Messenger of Allah (saw), so he went out in a state of anxiety; his garment was
trailing behind him. I was with him at that time in Al-Madinah. He prayed two
Rak’ahs, and lengthened the standing. Then he completed (the prayer) while (the
sun) had appeared, and said: ‘These are signs by which Allah, the Mighty and
Sublime, causes (people) to fear Him. So when you see it, then pray as if you
are praying a new obligatory prayer.’” (Da’if)
1186 (Another
chain) from Qabisah Al-Hilali, who narrated: “The sun was eclipsed.” And the
rest is the same (as no. 1185), except that he said: “...until the stars had
appeared.” (Da’if)
1187 It was
reported from ‘Urwah, from ‘Aishah, that she said: “There was a solar eclipse
during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah (saw), so the Messenger of Allah
(saw) went out to lead the people in prayer. He stood up, and I estimated that
he had recited Surt Al-Baqarah due to the length of the recitation” (and she
said similar) to the rest of the narration (as no. 1185): “Then he prostrated
twice. Then he stood up and lengthened his recitation, and I estimated that he
had recited Surat Al ‘Imran due to the length of the recitation.” (Hasan)
1188 It was
reported from Az-Zuhri, who said: ‘Urwah bin Az-Zubair informed me from ‘Aishah,
that the Messenger of Allah (saw) recited for a long time, and he recited
aloud,” meaning during the eclipse prayer. (Sahih)
1189 It was
reported from Zaid bin Aslam, from ‘Ata’ bin Yasar, from Ibn ‘Abbas, who said: “There
was an eclipse, so the Messenger of Allah (saw) prayed while the people
(prayed) with him. He stood for a long time, similar to (the length it takes to
recite) Surat Al-Baqarah, then he bowed...” and he continued with the
narration. (Sahih)
1190 ‘Aishah
narrated: “There was a solar eclipse, so the Messenger of Allah (saw) commanded
someone to proclaim: ‘The congregational prayer.’” (Sahih)
1191 ‘Aishah
narrated that the Prophet (saw) said: “The sun and the moon do not eclipse due
to the life (birth) or death of anyone. So when you witness it (an eclipse),
supplicate to Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, say the Takbir, and give charity.”
(Sahih)
1192 Asma’
narrated: “The Prophet (saw) would command that slaves be freed during the
eclipse prayer.’ (Sahih)
1193 An-Nu’man
bin Bashir narrated: “There was a solar eclipse during the Prophet’s (saw)
lifetime, so he started praying two Ruku’s, one after another, and asking about
it*, until it finished.” (Da’if)
*They say that the meaning is that he was asking Allah,
similar to what appears in the following narration, or, that he would ask
someone to look and see if the eclipse is over after praying, and pray again,
or, that he would indicate with his hand that someone should look during the
prayer.
1194 ‘Abdullah
bin ‘Amr reported: “There was a solar eclipse during the lifetime of the
Messenger of Allah (saw), so the Messenger of Allah (saw) stood up (in prayer),
and it appeared that he would not go into Ruku’. Then he went into Ruku’, and
it appeared that he would not stand up. Then he stood up, and it appeared that
he would not prostrate. Then he prostrated, and it appeared that he would not
raise up. Then he raised up, and it appeared that he would not prostrate. Then
he prostrated, and it appeared that he would not stand up. Then he stood up,
and repeated the same acts in the next Rak’ah. He then whispered in the final
prostration: ‘Uff, Uff,’ and said: ‘O Lord! Have You not promised me that you
would not punish them while I was with them? Have You not promised me that You
would not punish them while they are seeking forgiveness?’ So the Messenger of Allah
(saw) completed the prayer and the sun had appeared...” and he narrated the
rest of the Hadith. (Hasan)
1195 ‘Abdur-Rahman
bin Samurah narrated: “While I was shooting my arrows during the lifetime of
the Messenger of Allah (saw), there was a solar eclipse. So I tossed my arrows
away, and said: ‘I will see what the eclipse has caused the Messenger of Allah
(saw) to do today.’ I reached him while his hands were raised; he was
glorifying Allah, praising him, saying the Tahlil* and supplicating. He
continued to do so until the sun appeared. He recited two Surahs and performed
two Ruku’s.” (Sahih)
*That is; saying La ilaha ill-Allah, or similar.
1196 ‘Ubaidullah
bin An-Nadr narrated from his father that he said: “There was a darkness during
the time of Anas bin Malik, so I went to him and said: ‘O Abu Hamzah! Did
similar incidents used to happen during the time of the Messenger of Allah
(saw)?’ He said: ‘I seek Allah’s refuge. If the wind were to blow strongly, we
would rush to the Masjid, fearing the Judgment (had arrived).’” (Hasan)
1197 ‘Ikrimah
narrated that Ibn ‘Abbas was informed of the death of someone – one of the
wives of the Prophet (saw). So he fell into prostration. He was asked: “Do you
prostrate at this time?” He replied: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘When you
witness a sign, prostrate,’ and what sign is more grave than the departure of
the wives of the Prophet (saw)?’” (Hasan)
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