Sunan Abu Dawud Book #15 - The Book of Jihad

The Book of Jihad from Sunan Abu Dawud

2477 Abu Sa’eed Al-Khudri said: “A Bedouin asked the Prophet (saw) about Hijrah (emigration). He said: ‘May mercy of Allah be on you, the matter of Hijrah is severe. Do you have any camels?’ He said: ‘Yes.’ He said: ‘Do you pay the Sadaqah (Zakat) due on them?’ He said: ‘Yes.’ He said: ‘Then do deeds from beyond the sea (in your land), indeed Allah will not leave any of your deeds (unrewarded).’” (Sahih)

2478 It was reported from Al-Miqdam bin Shuraih, from his father, who said: “I asked ‘Aishah, may Allah be pleased with her about living in the desert. She said: ‘The Messenger of Allah (saw) used to go out to these torrential streams. He once intended to go out tothe desert. He sent me a Muharramah*camel from the camels of Sadaqah, and said: “O ‘Aishah! Be gentle, for indeed gentleness is not found in anything at all, except that it will beautify it, and it is not removed from anything at all except that it mars it.” (Sahih)

*It means that which has not been ridden

2479 Mu’awiyah said: “I heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) say: ‘Hijrah will not end until repentance ends, and repentance will not end until the sun rises from the west.’” (Hasan)

2480 Ibn ‘Abbas said: “On the Day of the Conquest – the Conquest of Makkah – the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘There is no Hijrah, but Jihad and with intention, and if you are called up (for troops by the leader) then deploy.’” (Sahih)

2481 ‘Amir said: “A man came to ‘Abdullah bin ‘Amr while there were some people with him, so he sat with him. He said: ‘Inform me of something you heard from the Messenger of Allah (saw).’ He said: ‘I heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) say: “The Muslim is the one from whose tongue and hands the Muslims are safe, and the Muhajir (emigrant) is the one who abandons what Allah has prohibited.” (Sahih)

2482 ‘Abdullah bin ‘Amr said: “I heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) say: ‘There will be a Hijrah (to Sham) after Hijrah (to Al-Madinah), and the best of the inhabitants of the earth will be those most adherent to the Ibrahim’s Hijrah. And there shall remain in the earth the vilest of its inhabitants, cast out by their lands, abhorred by Allah, and gathered by the fir along with apes and swine.’” (Hasan)

2483 Ibn Hawalah said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘A time will come when you will be armed troops: One in Ash-Sham, one in Yemen, one in ‘Iraq.” Ibn Hawalah said: “Choose for me O Messenger of Allah! If I reach (live) that time.” He said: “Go to Ash-Sham, for it is Allah’s chosen land, to which His chosen servants will be gathered. But if you refuse, then go to your Yemen, and draw water from your ponds, for Allah has entrusted Ash-Sham and its people to me.” (Sahih)

2484 ‘Imran bin Husain said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘There always will remain a group from my Ummah fighting upon the truth, victorious over those who oppose them, until the last of them fight Al-Masihid-Dajjal.’” (Sahih)

2485 It was reported from Abu Sa’eed that the Prophet (saw) was asked: “Who among the believers are most perfect in Faith?” He said: “A man who fights (Jihad) in the cause of Allah with himself and his wealth, and a man who worships Allah in a pass among the mountain passes, who has protected the people from his evil.’” (Sahih)

2486 Abu Umamah said: “A man said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! Permit Sayahah for me.’ The Prophet (saw) said: ‘indeed the Sayahah for my people is Jihad in the cause of Allah, the Mighty and Sublime.’” (Hasan)

2487 ‘Abdullah bin ‘Amr reported: “The Prophet (saw) said: ‘Returning home is like going on an expedition (in reward).’” (Sahih)

2488 ‘Abdul-Khabir bin Thabit bin Qais bin Shammas reported from his father, from his grandfather, who said: “A woman came to the Prophet (saw), she was called Umm Khallad, and she had her face covered, she asked about her son who had been killed in a battle. Some of the Companions of the Prophet (saw) said: ‘You came to ask about your son while you have your face covered?’ She said: ‘While I am afflicted by the loss of my son, I will never suffer the loss of my modesty.’ The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘Your son has the reward of two martyrs.’ She said: ‘And why is that O Messenger of Allah?’ He said: ‘Because he has been killed by the People of the Book.’” (Da’if)

2489 ‘Abdullah bin ‘Amr said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘There is no sailing the seas except for a person going on Hajj, or ‘Umrah, or a fighter in the cause of Allah, for under the sea is fire, and under the fire is sea.’” (Da’if)

2490 It was reported from Muhammad bin Yahya bin Habban, from Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: “Umm Haram bint Milhan, the sister of Umm Sulaim, narrated to me that the Messenger of Allah (saw) took midday nap with them. He then awoke laughing. She said: ‘I said: “O Messenger of Allah! What made you laugh?” He replied: “I saw some people who will ride the surface of the sea, like kings upon their thrones.’” She said: ‘I said: “O Messenger of Allah! Invoke Allah that He make me among them.” He said: “You are one of them.’” She said: ‘Then he slept, and awoke laughing.’ She said: ‘I said: “O Messenger of Allah! What made you laugh?’” He replied as he had said the first time. She said: ‘I said: “O Messenger of Allah! Invoke Allah that He may make me among them.” He said: “You are among the first.”

He said: “ ‘Ubadah bin As-Samit married her. He sailed on the sea for Jihad and took her with him. When he returned, a female mule was brought near her to ride, but it threw her off. Her neck broke, and she died.” (Sahih)

2491 It was reported from ‘Abdullah bin Abi Talhah, from Anas bin Malik, who said: “Whenever the Messenger of Allah (saw) would go to Quba’, he would visit Umm Haram bint Milhan, who was married to ‘Ubadah bin As-Samit. He visited her one day, so she fed him, and started searching his head for lice.” Then he cited this Hadith (no. 2490). (Sahih)

Abu Dawud said: Bint Milhan died in Cyprus.

2492 It was reported from ‘Ata’ bin Yasar, from the sister of Umm Sulaim, Ar-Rumaisa’, she said: “The Prophet (saw) was sleeping, and awoke while she was washing her head. He awoke laughing. She said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! Are you laughing at my head?’ He said: ‘No.’”

And he cited the narration with some additions and deletions. (Sahih)

Abu Dawud said: Ar-Rumaisa’ was the foster-sister of Umm Sulaim.

2493 It was reported from Ya’la bin Shaddad, from Umm Haram, from the Prophet (saw), that he said: “A person who gets dizzy at sea and vomits will get the reward of a martyr, and a person who drowns will get the reward of two martyrs.” (Hasan)

2494 It was reported from Abu Umamah Al-Bahili, from the Messenger of Allah (saw), who said: “There are three for whom Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, is their guarantor: A man who goes out to fight in the cause of Allah, the Mighty and Sublime. So he is under the guarantee of Allah such that if he dies, He admits him into Paradise, or He sends him back with what he obtained of reward and spoils of war. And a man who goes to the Masjid, he is under the guarantee of Allah such that if he dies, then He admits him into Paradise, or He sends him back with what he obtained of reward and spoils of war. And a man who enters his house with Salam* is under the protection of Allah, the Mighty and Sublime.” (Sahih)

*”With Salam:” Scholars have listen this narration, and explained it, relating to two topics. They say: “Bi-salam” can mean: “with Salam” as translated here, and it means he gives the greeting of Salam when entering his house. And they say that bi-salam means he enters his house, to stay there, and to avoid Fitnah that appears. In this case the translation would be: “And a man who enters his house for security’ or similar to that, and its meaning is, that he does so to keep the people safe from his participation in the side or another during the Fitnah.

2495 Abu Hurairah said: The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “A disbeliever and the one who killed him will never be together in the Fire.” (Sahih)

2496 It was reported from Sufyan, from Qan’ab, from ‘Alqamah bin Marthad, from Ibn Buraidah, from his father, who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘The sanctity of the womenfolk of the Mujahidin to those who do not participate (in the military expedition) is like that of their own mothers. And there is no man among those who do not participate entrusted by a man among the Mujahidin, to look after his family, (and he betrays him) except that he will be stood up for him on the Day of Judgement. It will be said to him: “This one was entrusted to (look after) your family (and he betrayed), take whatever you want from his good merits.’” The Messenger of Allah (saw) turned towards us and said: ‘So what do you think?’” (Sahih)

(Abu Sa’eed said: “Abu Dawud said: ‘Qan’ab was a righteous man, and Ibn Abi Laila wanted to appoint him as a judge.’ He said: ‘Qan’ab refused, and Qan’ab said: “I may have a need for a Dirham and seek help from someone for it, and who among us does not seek help in time of need.” He said: “Let me leave so I can think about it.” He was sent away and he went in hiding. Sufyan said: “While he was in hiding, the house fell down upon him, and he died.”)

2497 ‘Abdullah bin ‘Amr said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘There is no detachment fighting in the cause of Allah that acquires spoils of war, except they have hastened to two-thirds of their rewards of the Hereafter, and one-third remains for them. And if they do not acquire any spoils, their rewards will be complete for them (in the Hereafter).” (Sahih)

2498 It was reported from Zabban bin Fa’id, from Sahl bin Mu’adh, from his father, who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘(The reward of) Salat, fasting, and remembrance is increased seven hundred times over spending in the cause of Allah, the Mighty and Sublime.” (Da’if)

2499 It was reported that Abu Malik Al-Ash’ari said: “I heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) say: ‘The one who goes forth in the cause of Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, and dies or is killed, then he is a martyr, or he is thrown by the horse or camel and breaks his neck, or any poisonous creature stings him, or dies on his bed, or dies with any other means as Allah wills: Then he is a martyr, and Paradise is for him.” (Da’if)

2500 Fadalah bin ‘Ubaid reported that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “The deeds of every deceased person are sealed upon his death, except the one guarding the frontier, for his deeds will keep on increasing until the Day of Judgement, and he will be safe from the trial in the grave.” (Sahih)

2501 Sahl bin Al-Hanzaliyyah narrated that they traveled with the Messenger of Allah (saw) on the day of Hunain, so they traveled (in a caravan of camels) for a long time until evening came. (He said) “I attended a prayer along with the Messenger of Allah (saw) when a horseman came and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! I traveled ahead of you until I ascended such and such mountain, and I saw Hawazin, all together with their women, cattle, and sheep gathered at Hunain.’ The Messenger of Allah (saw) smiled and said: ‘That will be spoils for the Muslims tomorrow, if Allah wills.’ Then he said: ‘Who will stand guard tonight?’ Anas bin Abi Marthad Al-Ganawi said: ‘I will do it O Messenger of Allah!’ He said: ‘Then mount.’ So he mounted his horse and came to the Messenger of Allah (saw). The Messenger of Allah (saw) said to him: ‘Go through this mountain pass until you come to the peak. We should not be exposed to any danger from your direction tonight.’ In the morning the Messenger of Allah (saw) came out to his place of prayer and offered two Rak’ahs, then said: ‘Have you seen any sign of your horseman?’ They said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! We have not heard from him.’ The call for the prayer was made, and while the Messenger of Allah (saw) was praying, he began to glance towards the mountain pass. After he finished the prayer and said the Salam, he said: ‘Cheer up for your horseman has come.’ We started to look through the trees in the ravine, and sure enough he had come. He stood by the side of the Messenger of Allah (saw) and said the Salam to him, and said: ‘I went until I reached the top of this mountain pass as ordered by the Messenger of Allah (saw). In the morning I checked both of the ravines but saw no one.’The Messenger of Allah (saw) said to him: ‘Did you dismount during the night?’ He said: ‘No, except to pray or to relieve myself.’ The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘You have earned (Paradise); if you do not do anything after today, you will not be blamed for it.’” (Hasan)

2502 It was reported from Abu Hurairah, from the Prophet (saw), who said: “Anyone who dies without engaging in battle, and it did not occur to him to engage in battle, he died upon a branch of hypocrisy.” (Sahih)

2503 It was reported from Abu Umamah, from the Prophet (saw), who said: “Anyone who does not go to battle, nor equip a fighter, nor look after the family of a fighter while he is away, Allah will strike him with a sudden calamity.” In his narration, (one of the narrators) Yazid bin ‘Abd Rabbih said: “...Before the Day of Resurrection.” (Hasan)

2504 It was reported from Anas, that the Prophet (saw) said: “Perform Jihad against the idolaters, with your wealth, yourselves, and your tongues.” (Hasan)

2505 It was reported from ‘Ikrimah, from Ibn ‘Abbas who said: “If you march not forth, He will punish you with a painful torment...”[9:39] and “...It was not becoming of the people of Al-Madinah...” up to: “...What they used to do...” has been abrogated by the following Verse: “And it is not (proper) for the believers to go out to fight all together.”[9:120-122] (Hasan)

2506 It was reported from ‘Abdul-Mu’min bin Khalid Al-Hanafi, who said: “Najdah bin Nufai’ narrated to me, he said: ‘I asked Ibn ‘Abbas about this Verse: “If you march not forth, He will punish you with a painful torment.”[9:39] He replied: “The rain was withheld from them, and that was their punishment.” (Da’if)

2507 Zaid bin Thabit said: “I was beside the Messenger of Allah (saw) when divinely-inspired tranquility overtook him. The thigh of the Messenger of Allah (saw) fell down on my thigh, and I didn’t find anything heavier than the thigh of the Messenger of Allah (saw). He then regained his composure and said: ‘Write.’ So I wrote down on a shoulder (blade): ‘Not equal are those of the believers who sit (at home) among the believers, and the Mujahidun in Allah’s cause’ until the end of the Verse. Ibn Umm Maktum – who was a blind man – stood up when he heard the superiority of the Mujahidun, and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! What about those believers who are not able to perform Jihad?’ As soon as he finished asking, divinely inspired transquility overtook the Messenger of Allah (saw). His thigh fell down on my thigh, and I felt the heavy weight for the second time as I had felt it the first time. Then the Messenger of Allah (saw) regained his composure and said: ‘Read O Zaid.’ So I read: Not equal are those of the believers who sit (at home). The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: Except those who are disabled’ (reciting) the complete Verse.”[4:95] Zaid said: “Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, revealed it separately and I attached it. By Him in whose Hand is my soul! I can still see the place of attachment near the crack in the shoulder (blade).” (Hasan)

2508 It was reported from Musa bin Anas bin Malik, from his father, that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “You left behind people in Al-Madinah, you do not journey anywhere, nor do you spend (in charity), nor do you cross a valley, except that they are with you in it.” They said: “O Messenger of Allah! And how can they be with us while they are still in Al-Madinah?” He replied: “They were detained by a valid excuse.” (Sahih)

2509 It was reported from Zaid bin Khalid Al-Juhani that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Whoever equips a fighter in the cause of Allah, (it is as if) he has fought, and whoever looks after his family in goodness, then he has fought.” (Sahih)

2510 It was reported from Abu Sa’eed Al-Khudri that the Messenger of Allah (saw) sent a detachment to Banu Lihyan, and said: “From every two men, one should go.” Then he said to the one staying behind: “If anyone of you looks after the family and wealth of one who goes forth, he will get the likes of half the reward of the one going forth.” (Sahih)

2511 Abu Hurairah said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) say: “The most evil (trait) in a man are severe stinginess and uninhibited cowardice.” (Sahih)

2512 It was reported from Aslam Abu ‘Imran, who said: “We went on a military expedition from Al-Madinah headed for Constantinople, and ‘Abdur-Rahman bin Khalid bin Al-Walid was (commander) over the group. The Romans had gathered before the wall of the city (ready to fight). So a man went to attack the enemy. Thereupon the people said: ‘Stop, stop! None has the right to be worshipped but Allah! He is throwing himself into destruction!’ Thus Abu Ayyub said: ‘This Verse was revealed about us, the people of the Ansar, when Allah granted victory to His Prophet (saw) and gave Islam dominance, we said: “Come, let us stay with our wealth (and properties) and improve it.” Thereupon, Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, revealed: “And spend in the cause of Allah, and do not throw yourselves into destruction.”[2:195] So, to “throw oneself into destruction” means: To stay with our wealth and improve it, and abandon Jihad.’” Abu ‘Imran said: “Abu Ayyub continued to engage himself in Jihad in the cause of Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, until he was buried in Constantinople.” (Sahih)

2513 It was reported from ‘Uqbah bin ‘Amir, who said: “I heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) say: ‘Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, will admit three people into Paradise by one arrow: The one made it and seeks good (in reward) by his making it; the one who shoots it, and the one who hands it to him. So shoot and ride, but your shooting is dearer to me than your riding. Every kind of amusement is futile except three: A man’s training his horse, playing with his wife, and his shooting with his bow and arrow. A person who abandons shooting after learning it, out of an aversion for it, then it is a favor he had abandoned” or he said: “(it is a favor) for which he was ungrateful.” (Hasan)

2514 ‘Uqbah bin ‘Amr Al-Juhani said: I heard the Messenger of Allah recite on the Minbar: “And make ready against them all you can of power” (Al-Anfal: 60) Oh indeed power is shooting. Oh indeed power is shooting. Oh indeed power is shooting”. (Sahih)

2515 It was reported from Mu’adh bin Jabal that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Military campaigns are of two types: As for the one who fights (in the cause of Allah) seeking His Countenance, obeys the Imam, spends what is precious, deals with ease with his associates, and avoids mischief, whether he is asleep or awake, he is earning reward. But as for the one who fights out of pride, and in order to show off and gain reputation, and disobeys the Imam, and spreads mischief in the land, he comes back empty-handed.” (Da’if)

2516 It was reported from Ibn Mikraz, a man from the people of Ash-Sham, from Abu Hurairah, that a man said: “O Messenger of Allah! A man wants to engage in Jihad in the cause of Allah, while he seeks some worldly gains?” The Prophet (saw) said: “He will have no reward.” So this was very difficult on the people. They said to the man: “Go back to the Messenger of Allah (saw) and ask him again, for you might not have been able to understand him properly.” He came back and said: “O Messenger of Allah! A man wants to engage in Jihad in the cause of Allah while he seeks some worldly gains?” The Prophet (saw) said: “He will have no reward.” They said to the man: “Go back to the Messenger of Allah (saw),” so he said it to him for a third time. He said: “He will have no reward.” (Hasan)

2517 It was reported from Shu’bah from ‘Amr bin Murrah, from Abu Wa’il, from Abu Musa, that a Bedouin came to the Messenger of Allah (saw) and said: “A man fights for reputation, one fights to be praised, one fights for the spoils of war, and one fights to show his bravery?” The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “The one who fights so that the Word of Allah is uppermost, then he is in the cause of Allah, the Mighty and Sublime.” (Sahih)

2518 (Another chain) from Shu’bah, from ‘Amr, who said: “I heard Abu Wa’il narrate a Hadith which amazed me,” he then mentioned it in meaning (Similar to no. 2517). (Sahih)

2519 It was reported from ‘Abdullah bin ‘Amr, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: “O Messenger of Allah! Inform me about Al-Jihad and military expeditions.” He said: “O ‘Abdullah bin ‘Amr! If you fight with endurance seeking from Allah your reward, Allah will resurrect you showing endurance and seeking your reward from Allah, and if you fight showing off, seeking to acquire much (of worldly gains), Allah will resurrect you with your showing off seeking to acquire much. O ‘Abdullah bin ‘Amr, with whatever intention you fight or are killed, Allah will resurrect you in that condition.” (Hasan)

2520 It was reported from Sa’eed bin Jubair, from Ibn ‘Abbas, who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “When your brothers were struck down at Uhud, Allah placed their souls inside green birds who frequent the rivers of Paradise, eating from its fruits and nestling in golden lamps hanging in the shade of the Throne (of Allah). When they experienced the sweetness of their food, drink and rest, they said: ‘Who will inform our brethren about us, that we are alive in Paradise provided with provision, so that they might not be disinterested in Jihad or draw back in war?’ Allah Most High said: ‘I shall inform them.’” He (the narrator) said: “Then Allah, the Mighty and Sublime revealed: ‘Think not of those who are killed in the cause of Allah as dead...’ until the end of the Verse.”[3:169] (Hasan)

2521 Hasna’ bint Mu’awiyah As-Sarimiyyah said: My paternal uncle (Aslam bin Sulaim) narrated to me, he said: I asked the Prophe (saw): “Who is in the Paradise?” He said: “The Prophet is in the Paradise, the martyr is in Paradise, the infant is in Paradise, and the child buried alive is in the Paradise.” (Da’if)

2522 It was reported from Al-Walid bin Rabah Adh-Dhamari (who said): “My paternal uncle, Nimran bin ‘Utbah Adh-Dhamari said: ‘We entered upon Umm Ad-Darda’ while we were orphans. She said: “Be delighted, for I have heard Abu Ad-Darda’ saying: ‘The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: The intercession of a martyr will be accepted for seventy of his family members.’”* (Da’if)

Abu Dawud said: What is correct is Rabah bin Al-Walid (not Al-Walid bin Rabah as mentioned in the chain of narrators).

*Meaning, their fathers were martyred according to other versions.

2523 It was reported from ‘Urwah, from ‘Aishah, may Allah be pleased with her, that she said: “When An-Najashi died, we used to say that the visibility of light at the grave would not cease.” (Hasan)

(Abu Sa’eed said to us: “And Ahmad bin Abdul-Jabbar narrated to us: He said: ‘Yunus bin Bukair narrated from Ibn Ishaq’” similarly.)*

*That is Abu Sa’eed Ibn Al-A’rabi, who heard the text from Abu Dawud.

2524 Ubaid bin Khalid As-Sulami said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) made a bond of brotherhood between two men, one of them was killed, and the other one died after him by a week or thereabout. We performed (the Janazah) Salah for him. The Messenger of Allah (saw) asked: ‘What did you say?’ We said: ‘We supplicated for him, and we said: “O Allah! Forgive him and join him with his companion.” The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “So where is his Salat in comparison to his (companion’s) Salat, and his fasting in comparison to his (companion’s) fasting – (one of the narrators) Shu’bah was not sure about: “his fasting” – “And his deeds in comparison to his (companion’s) deeds. Indeed the distance between them is like the distance between the heavens and the earth.” (Hasan)

2525 It was reported from the paternal nephew of Abu Ayyub, from Abu Ayyub, that he heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) saying: “The lands will be conquered by you, and you will be groups of armies, levied for deployments. A man will be unwilling to take part in the deplyment, so he will escape from his people. Then he will go around offering himself to various tribes (for wages), saying: ‘Who will hire me to take his place in such and such expedition? Who will hire me to take his place in such and such expedition?” Lo! He is hireling until the last drop of his blood.” (Da’if)

2526 ‘Abdullah bin ‘Amr reported the Messenger of Allah (saw) as saying: “The warrior gets his reward, and the one who finances the warrior gets his reward, and the reward of the warrior.” (Sahih)

2527 It was reported from Ya’la bin Munyah, who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) announced an expedition, and I was an old man and I had no servant. I looked for someone to hire who could take my place, and he would receive his share. So I found a man who at the time of departure came to me and said: ‘I do not know, what are the shares? And what will my share be? So fix an amount (as wages) for me, whether there are any shares or not.’ So I offered him three Dinars. When the spoils of war arrived, I wanted to offer him his share, but then I remembered the Dinars. I came to the Prophet (saw) and mentioned the issue to him. He said: ‘I do not find for him – in this expedition of his – in this world and the Hereafter, except for those Dinars which were offered.” (Sahih)

2528 It was reported from Sufyan, (who said): “ ‘Ata’ bin As-Sa’ib narrated to us, from his father, from ‘Abdullah bin ‘Amr who said: ‘A man came to the Messenger of Allah (saw), and said: “I came to you to pledge allegiance to emigrate and I have left behind my parents weeping.” He said: “Go back to them, and make them smile as you have made them weep.” (Hasan)

2529 It was reported from Sufyan, from Habib bin Abi Thabit, from Abul-‘Abbas, from ‘Abdullah bin ‘Amr, who said: “A man came to the Prophet (saw) and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! Shall I engage in Jihad?’ He said: ‘Do you have parents?’ He said: ‘Yes.’ He said: ‘Strive in looking after them.’” (Sahih)

Abu Dawud said: This Abul-‘Abbas is Ash-Sha’ir (the poet), his name is As-Sa’ib bin Farrukh.

2530 It was reported from Abu Al-Haitham, from Abu Sa’eed Al-Khudri, that a man emigrated to the Messenger of Allah (saw) from Yemen. He asked: “Do you have anybody in Yemen?” He said: “My parents.” He asked: “Did they give you permission?” He said: “No.” He said: “Go back and seek their permission. If they give you permission, then go for Jihad, and if not, then devote yourself to their wellbeing.” (Da’if)

2531 It was reported from Anas, who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) used to take Umm Sulaim and few other women from the Ansar on expeditions. They would supply water and tend to the injured.” (Sahih)

2532 It was reported from Anas bin Malik, that he said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘Three things are from the basis of Faith: To refrain from (killing) a person who utters: None has the right to be worshipped but Allah, and not to declare a person a disbeliever for committing a sin, and not to expel him from Islam by an action. And, Jihad abides, since the day Allah dispatched me (as a Prophet) until the last of my nation fights Ad-Dajjal. Jihad will not be invalidated by the tyranny of a tyrant nor the justice of one who is just. And, to have Faith in the Divine Decree.” (Da’if)

2533 It was reported from Makhul from Abu Hurairah, that he said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘Jihad is obligatory on you with every commander, righteous or wicked, and the prayer is binding behind every Muslim, righteous or wicked, even if he commits major sins. And (funeral) prayer is obligatory for every Muslim, whether, righteous or wicked even if he commits major sins.” (Da’if)

2534 It was reported from Nubaih Al-‘Anazi from Jabir bin ‘Abdullah, that he narrated from the Messenger of Allah (saw), when he intended to go on an expedition, he said: “O people of the Emigrants (Muhajirun) and Helpers (Ansar)! Among your brothers are some who do not have wealth, nor any family. All of you should share your riding beast with two or three others.” So there was none of us with a ride but he shared it equally with others in turns. That is, with one of them. He (Jabir) said: “I therefore took two or three persons with me. I rode on my camel taking turns like one of them.” (Hasan)

2535 Ibn Zugh Al-Ayadi reported that ‘Abdullah bin Hawalah Al-Azdi visited him, and narrated to him saying: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) sent us on foot to get the spoils, but we returned without any spoils. When he saw the signs of grief in our faces, he stood up and said: ‘O Allah! Do not make them dependent on me, for I would be too weak to take care of them, and do not make them dependent on themselves, for they will be incapable of that. And do not make them dependent on people, as they will choose the best for themselves.’ Then he placed his hands on my head, and said: ‘O Ibn Hawalah! When you see the Khilafah has settled in the Holy Land, then earthquakes, sorrows and tremendous events have drawn near. And on that day, the last hour will be nearer to mankind than his hand of mine from your head.” (Hasan)

Abu Dawud said: ‘Abdullah Ibn Hawalah is Himsi.

2536 It was reported from Murrah Al-Hamdani from ‘Abdullah bin Mas’ud, who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘Our Lord, the Mighty and Sublime, admires a man who goes to battle in the cause of Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, and they retreat’ – meaning his companions – ‘but he knows what is required of him, so he returns until his blood is shed. Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, says to His Angels: “Look at my slave. He came back desiring what I have for him (reward), and fearing what I have (punishment), until his blood was shed.” (Hasan)

2537 It was reported from Muhammad bin ‘Amr, from Abu Salamah, from Abu Hurairah, that ‘Amr bin Uqaish had dealt in Riba during Jahiliyyah, so he did not like to accept Islam without retrieving it. He came during the battle of Uhud and said: “Where are my paternal cousins?” They replied: “At Uhud.” He said: “Where is so-and-so?” They replied: “At Uhud.” He said: “Where is so-and-so?” They replied: “At Uhud.” He then got dressed in his coat of armor, mounted his horse and proceeded towards them. When the Muslims saw him they said: “Stay away from us O ‘Amr!” He said: “I have become a believer.” He fought until he was wounded. He was carried to his family, injured. Sa’d bin Mu’adh visited him, and said to his sister: “Ask him, why did he fight; out of partisanship for his people, or our of anger for them, or out of anger for Allah?” He said: “Out of anger for Allah and His Messenger.” He then died, and entered Paradise, and he had not performed a single Salat for Allah. (Hasan)

2538 It was reported from Salamah bin Al-Akwa’ who said: “In the battle of Khaibar my brother fought fiercely. His sword rebounded back upon him and killed him, thus the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (saw) started talking about that and having doubts, saying: ‘A man dying by his own weapon.’ The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘He died striving as a Mujahid.’” – (One of the narrators) Ibn Shihab said: “Then I asked the son of Salamah bin Al-Akwa’, and he narrated it to me from his father, similarly, except that he said: ‘Then the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “They lied, he died striving as a Mujahid, so he will have his rewards, twice.” (Sahih)

2539 It was reported from Mu’awiyah bin Abi Sallam, from his father, from his grandfather Abu Sallam, from a man among the Companions of the Prophet (saw), who said: “We attacked a tribe from Juhainah. One of the Muslims pursued a man from them. He struck at him but missed, and injured himself with the sword. The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘Your brother, O group of Muslims!’ The people rushed towards him, but found him dead. So the Messenger of Allah (saw) wrapped him in his garments with his blood, and offered the (funeral) prayer for him, and buried him. They said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! Is he a martyr?’ He said: ‘Yes, and I am a witness for him.’” (Da’if)

2540 It was reported from Musa bin Ya’qub Az-Zam’i, from Abu Hazim, from Sahl bin Sa’d who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘Two supplications are not turned back,’ or ‘rarely turned back: The supplication at the time of the call (to prayer), and at the time of battle when the two sides engage.’” (Sahih)

Musa said: “And Rizq bin Sa’eed bin ‘Abdur-Rahman narrated to me, from Abu Hazim, from Sahl bin Sa’d, from the Prophet (saw): ‘...and during the rain.’”

2541 It was reported from Mu’adh bin Jabal that he heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) say: “Whoever fights in the cause of Allah as long as the time between two milkings of a she-camel, Paradise is guaranteed for him. And whoever asks Allah with sincerity in his soul to be killed, and then dies, or is killed, he will have the reward of a martyr.”

(One of the narrators) Ibn Al-Musaffa added in his narration from here onwards: “And whoever gets wounded in the cause of Allah, or suffers injury, it (the injury) will come on the Day of Resurrection flowing more abundantly than ever, its color will be the color of saffron, and its fragrance the fragrance of musk. And whoever suffers from an ulcerated wound in the cause of Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, then upon him will be the stamp of the martyrs.” (Sahih)

2542 It was reported from ‘Utbah bin ‘Abd As-Sulami that he heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) saying: “Do not clip the forelocks, manes, or tails of horses. For they use their tails to drive away flies, and their manes provide them with warmth, and the goodness is tied in their forelocks.” (Da’if)

2543 It was reported from Muhammad bin Muhajir Al-Ansari, (he said): “ ‘Aqil bin Shabib narrated to me, from Abu Wahb Al-Jushami, who was a Companion, who said: ‘The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “You should seek out Kumait* horses with a white mark on the face and white feet, or red (Ashqar) with a white mark on the face and white feet, or black with a white mark on the face and white feet.” (Da’if)

*Chestnut colored, a color between black and red.

2544 (Another chain) from Muhammad bin Muhajir Al-Ansari (who said): “ ‘Aqil bin Shabib narrated to us, from Abu Wahb, who said: ‘The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “You should seek out red (Ashqar) horses with a white mark on the face and white feet.” So he mentioned similarly. Muhammad – meaning Ibn Muhajir said: “And I asked him: ‘Why are the Ashqar superior?’ He replied: ‘Because the Prophet (saw) sent an expedition, and the one who first brought the news of victory was the rider on an Ashqar horse.’” (Da’if)

2545 Ibn ‘Abbas narrated that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “The blessing of the horse is in its redness.” (Hasan)

2546 It was reported from Abu Hurairah who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) used to call a female horse: Faras (horse).” (Hasan)

2547 It was reported from Abu Hurairah who said: “The Prophet (saw) used to dislike the Shikal among horses.” As-Shikal is a horse which has white on its right hind-leg and left fore-leg, or on its right fore-leg and left hind-leg. (Sahih)

Abu Dawud said: Meaning, alternate (legs).

2548 It was reported from Sahl bin Al-Hanzaliyyah who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) passed by a camel whose back had fallen to its stomach. He said: ‘Fear Allah in regards of these animals. Ride them when they are in good condition, and consume them when they are in good condition.” (Sahih)

2549 It was reported from ‘Abdullah bin Ja’far who said: “One day the Messenger of Allah (saw) seated me behind him on his mount. He told me something secretly which I am not going to let anybody know. When relieving himself, the Messenger of Allah (saw) liked to find a place where he was well concealed, a hill or a cluster of date-palms.” He said: “Once he entered the garden of a man from Ansar where he found a camel. When it saw the Prophet (saw) it began crying and its tears flowed. The Prophet (saw) came to it and stroked the back of its head and it became silent. He then said: ‘Who is the owner of this camel? Whose camel is this?’ A young boy from the Ansar came forward and said: ‘It belongs to me O Messenger of Allah (saw)!’ He said: ‘Do you not fear Allah regarding this animal which Allah has put in your possession? It complained to me that you keep it hungry and overburden it, causing fatigue.’” (Sahih)

2550 It was reported from Abu Hurairah that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Once while a man was walking on the road, he became extremely thirsty. He found a well and went down into it. He drank from the water and came out. He saw a dog panting heavily and eating soil due to its thirst. The man said: ‘This dog must be in the same condition of thirst as I was,’ so he went down into the well, and filled his Khuff with water, and held it by his mouth until he climbed up. He gave water to the dog to drink. Allah accepted his deed and forgave him.” They said: “O Messenger of Allah! Are there rewards for us in our animals?” He said: “For every moist liver (living creature) there is a reward.” (Sahih)

2551 Anas bin Malik said: “Whenever we dismounted at a camp, we would not perform any voluntary prayer (Nusabbih) until we let the mounts graze.”*

*Commentaries on Sunan Abu Dawud explain that Nusabbih means perform voluntary prayer. This is the statement of Al-Khattabi and it is cited by Al-‘Azimabadi in ‘Awn Al-Ma’bud. In ‘Amal Al-Yawm wal-Lailah, Ibn As-Sunni narrated it from a different route, from Shu’bah (who narrated this version), and after it: “Meaning we said the Tasbih with the tongue.” He listed this narration under saying the Tasbih when dismounting to camp, due to the wording of that version. In Al-Awsat, At-Tabarani narrated it from a similar route as Ibn As-Sunni, and after it: “Shu’bah said: ‘Saying the Tasbih with the tongue.”

2552 It was reported from ‘Abbad bin Tamim that Abu Bashir Al-Ansari informed him, that he was with the Messenger of Allah (saw) on one of his journeys. He said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) sent a messenger,” (one of the narrators) ‘Abdullah bin Abi Bakr said: “I think he said: ‘And the people were still sleeping’” (saying:) “No garland of bowstrings or garlands (of any sort) are to be left on the neck of  camel, except that they be severed.”

Malik (one of the narrators) said: “I think that was because of the (evil) eye.” (Sahih)

2553 It was reported from Abu Wahb Al-Jushami, who was a Companion, who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘Keep horses, rub down their forelocks and their backs” or he said: “their rumps, and garland them, but do not garland them with bowstrings.” (Da’if)

2554 It was reported from Umm Habibah, from the Prophet (saw) that he said: “The Angels do not accompany a group who have bells.” (Sahih)

2555 It was reported from Suhail bin Abi Salih, from his father, from Abu Hurairah who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘The angels do not accompany a group who have a dog, or a bell.’” (Sahih)

2556 It was reported from Al-‘Ala’ bin ‘Abdur-Rahman, from his father, from Abu Hurairah, that the Prophet (saw) said about the bell: “It is a wind instrument of Shaitan.” (Sahih)

2557 It was reported from Nafi’, from Ibn ‘Umar who said: “It has been prohibited to ride Al-Jallalah.”* (Sahih)

*Animals that eat dung and filth.

2558 (Another chain) from Nafi’, from Ibn ‘Umar who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) prohibited riding Al-Jallalah.” (Hasan)

2559 It was narrated from Mu’adh, who said: “I was riding behind the Prophet (saw) on a donkey called: ‘Ufair.” (Sahih)

2560 It was reported from Samurah bin Jundab who said: “To proceed: The Prophet (saw) named our horsemen, ‘Allah’s horsemen’ when we became frightened, and when we became frightened, the Messenger of Allah (saw) used to order us to be united, and (the same) when we fought.”* (Da’if)

*See no. 456, wherein it is clarified that he had written a letter to them. Part of it appears in no. 975 as well.

2561 ‘Imran bin Husain said: “The Prophet (saw) was on a journey, and he heard somebody cursing something, so he asked: ‘What is this?’ They said: ‘This is so-and-so (woman) who has cursed her riding animal.’ The Prophet (saw) said: ‘Remove its saddle, for it is cursed.’ So they removed it.” ‘Imran said: “As if I can still see it, an ash colored she-camel.” (Sahih)

2562 It was reported from Abu Yahya Al-Qattat, from Mujahid, from Ibn ‘Abbas, who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) prohibited instigating fights between beasts.” (Da’if)

2563 It was reported from Hisham bin Zaid, from Anas who said: “I came to the Prophet (saw) with a brother of mine when he was born to perform Tahnik for him. I found him in sheep pen branding sheep.” I (Hisham) think he said: “On their ears.”

2564 It was reported from Abu Az-Zubair, from Jabir who said: “A donkey, which had been branded in the face, passed by the Prophet (saw). He said: ‘Has it not reached you people, that I have cursed those who brand animals on their faces, or strike them on their faces?’ So he prohibited that.” (Sahih)

2565 It was reported from Abu Khair, from Ibn Zurair, from ‘Ali bin Abi Talib who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) was given a she-mule as a gift which he rode.” ‘Ali said: “If we studded donkeys with mare horses we would have animals of this type?” The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Those who don’t know do that.” (Sahih)

2566 ‘Abdullah bin Ja’far said: “Whenever the Prophet (saw) arrived from a journey we would be taken to receive him, so whoever was first to meet him, he will put him in front of him. As I was the first to meet him, he put me in front of him. Then Hasan or Husain was brought to him, so he put him behind him. We entered Al-Madinah, while we were like that.” (Sahih)

2567 It was reported from Abu Hurairah, from the Prophet (saw) who said: “Do not use the backs of your beasts as Minbars. Allah has subjugated them for you to transport you to a land that you cannot reach without difficulty yourselves. And he made the earth (spread out) for you, so fulfill your needs upon it.” (Hasan)

2568 It was reported from Sa’eed bin Abi Hind who said: “Abu Hurairah said: ‘The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “There are camels for the devils, and there are houses for the devils.* As for camels for the devils, I have seen them. One of you goes out with fattened extra camels at his side, riding none of them, nor giving a ride to a tired brother when he passes by him. As for the houses for devils I have not seen them.” Sa’eed would say: “I think they are those enclosures which people cover with Dibaj (brocade).” (Da’if)

*Some of the scholars consider this the end of the Hadith, and that what follows is the statement of Abu Hurairah, others consider all of it – up to the statement of Sa’eed, to be from the Hadith.

2569 It was reported from Abu Hurairah that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “When you travel in a fertile land, then grant the camels their due (of grazing), and when you travel in time of drought, then travel quickly, and when you want to camp for the night, keep off the road.” (Sahih)

2570 It was reported from Al-Hasan, from Jabir bin ‘Abdullah, from the Prophet (saw), similar to this (no. 2569). After his saying: “their due” he said: “and do not go beyond the camps.” (Da’if)

2571 It was reported from Anas who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘Travel by night, for the earth is rolled up (shorter) during the night.” (Hasan)

2572 It was reported from Buraidah who said: “While the Messenger of Allah (saw) was walking, a man with a donkey came to him and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! Ride.’ And the man moved to the back of the animal. The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘No. You are more entitled to ride in front of your animal than me, unless you grant me the right.’ He said: ‘I have granted it to you.’ So he rode.” (Hasan)

2573 It was reported from ‘Abbad bin ‘Abdullah bin Az-Zubair who said: “My foster father, who is from Banu Murrah bin ‘Awf, narrated to me, and he was present at the Battle of Mu’tah: “By Allah! It is as if I can still see Ja’far when he hamstrung his red horse, then he fought until he was killed.” (Da’if)

Abu Dawud said: This Hadith is not strong.

2574 It was reported from Nafi’ bin Abi Nafi’, from Abu Hurairah who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘Stakes are only allowed in races between camels, horses, and shooting arrows.” (Hasan)

2575 It was reported from Malik, from Nafi’, from ‘Abdullah bin ‘Umar, that the Messenger of Allah (saw) organized a race for horses that had been made lean, from Al-Hafya’ to Thaniyyat Al-Wada’, and he organized another race for horses that had not been made lean, from Ath-Thaniyyah to the Masjid of Banu Zuraiq, and ‘Abdullah was among those who took part in the race. (Sahih)

2576 It was reported from Al-Mu’tamir, from ‘Ubaidullah, from Nafi’, from Ibn ‘Umar that the Prophet of Allah (saw) would lean horses to be used for races. (Sahih)

2577 It was reported from ‘Uqbah bin Khalid, from ‘Ubaidullah, from Nafi’, from Ibn ‘Umar that the Prophet (saw) held a race between horses, and kept the horses which were in the fifth year at a longer distance. (Sahih)

2578 It was reported from ‘Aishah, that she was with the Prophet (saw) on a journey, she said: “And I raced with him on foot, and I beat him. When I gained weight, I (again) raced him, and he beat me. He said: ‘This (win) is for that race.’” (Sahih)

2579 It was reported from Az-Zuhri, from Sa’eed bin Al-Musayyab, from Abu Hurairah, from the Prophet (saw), who said: “Whoever enters a horse (in a race) between two other horses – meaning not knowing whether it will win – then that is not gambling. But whoever enters a horse (in a race) between two other horses, and he is certain that it will win, then that is gambling.” (Da’if)

2580 (Another chain) from Az-Zuhri, with the chain of ‘Abbad, with its meaning (similar to no. 2579). (Da’if)

Abu Dawud said: Ma’mar, Shu’aib and ‘Aqil reported it from Az-Zuhri, from some men from the people of knowledge. And this (narration) is more correct according to us.

2581 It was reported from Al-Hasan, from ‘Imran bin Husain, from the Prophet (saw) who said: “There is no Jalab, nor Janab.”* In his narration, Yahya (one of the narrators) added: “in competition.” (Hasan)

*See nos. 1591 and 1592 where similar is narrated regarding Zakah, and its definition in that case. It has mostly been narrated by the Hadith compilers as a no. Dealing with Zakat and the prohibition of the Shighar marriage. In regard to racing, Al-Khattabi explained Al-Jalab (Ma’alam As-Sunan): “This is explained as; that the horse should not be yelled at during the race, nor goaded by any kind of goading to make it run faster. It is only required that their riders prod them by moving the bridle and pulling the reins, and prodding them on with the whip and spurs, and similar to that, without yelling at them with the voice. And it has been said that its meaning is that people congregate, lining up, standing along the two sides, and yelling, so they were prohibited from that. As for Al-Janab, it is said that they would have a horse run alongside, until when they were near the finish, they would alternate from the mount which had fatigued, mounting the horse that was not ridden yet. So that was prohibited.” In An-Nihayah Ibn Al-Athir said about Al-Jalab: “It is that a man follows behind his horse encouraging it, yelling and screaming at it, to goad it to continue, so that was prohibited.” And about Al-Janab, he said similar to Al-Khattabi.

2582 It was reported from Qatadah who said: “Al-Jalab and Al-Janab is in competition.” (Da’if)

2583 It was reported from Qatadah, from Anas who said: “The hand guard on the sword of the Messenger of Allah (saw) was made from silver.” (Sahih)

2584 (Another chain) from Qatadah, from Sa’eed Ibn Abi Al-Hasan, who said: “The hand guard on the sword of the Messenger of Allah (saw) was made from silver.” (Sahih)

Qatadah said: “I do not know anyone who followed him up in (narrating) that.”*

*Some of the commentators consider this to be a mistake, and that it should be “Abu Dawud said”: and the meaning would be that Abu Dawud does not know of anyone else who narrated it like this, except for Jarir bin Hazim, who narrated number 2583; meaning – if this is correct – that the author considers the correct narration from Qatadah to be the one he narrated from Sa’eed, who is the brother of Al-Hasan Al-Basri.

2585 It was reported from ‘Uthman bin Sa’d, from Anas bin Malik, who said: - and he mentioned similarly (as no. 2584). (Sahih)

Abu Dawud said: The strongest of these Hadiths is the Hadith of Sa’eed bin Abi Al-Hasan, and the rest are weak.

2586 Jabir narrated that the Messenger of Allah (saw) ordered a man who used to give out arrows in charity in the Masjid, not to pass through unless he was holding them by their heads. (Sahih)

2587 Abu Musa narrated that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “If one of you passes through our Masjid, or our marketplace, with an arrow, he should hold its head” or he said: “he should hold it with his palm,” or he said: “he should hold it with his palm so that no harm is done to any Muslims.” (Sahih)

2588 Jabir narrated: “The Prophet (saw) prohibited passing an unsheathed sword.” (Da’if)

2589 It was reported from Al-Hasan, from Samurah bin Jundab that the Messenger of Allah (saw) prohibited cutting a strap between two fingers.

2590 It was reported from As-Sa’ib bin Yazid, from a man whom he named: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) used two coats of mail on the Day of (the battle of) Uhud,” or: “he wore two coats of mail.”* (Sahih)

*That is, the narrator was not sure if it was; “Zahara” (used) or; “Labisa” (wore)

2591 It was reported from Yunus bin ‘Ubaid, the freed slave of Muhammad bin Al-Qasim (who said): “Muhammad bin Al-Qasim sent me to Al-Bara’ bin ‘Azib to ask him about the flag of the Messenger of Allah (saw). He said: ‘It was black and square, made of Namirah.’”* (Hasan)

*Namirah is a type of Burd made of wool with black and white designs, and some of them say it may have reddish color, meaning, resembling a leopard. In this case, they say it is being used to mean black and white design.

2592 It was reported from Abu Az-Zubair, from Jabir, and he attributed it to the Prophet (saw), that when he (saw) entered Makkah, his banner was white. (Hasan)

2593 It was reported from Simak, from a man among his people, from another man among them: “I saw that the flag of the Messenger of Allah (saw) was yellow.” (Da’if)

2594 It was reported from Zaid bin Artah Al-Fazari, from Jubair bin Nufair Al-Hadrami that he heard Abu Ad-Darda’ saying: “I heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) say: ‘Seek (and bring for) me your weak ones, for you are only provided with sustenance and granted assistance through your weak.’”* (Sahih)

Abu Dawud said: Zaid bin Artah is the brother of ‘Adi bin Artah.

*Meaning, by their sincere supplications and worship.

2595 It was reported from Al-Hasan, from Samurah bin Jundab who said: “The code word of the Muhajirin (Emigrants) was ‘‘Abdullah,’ and that of the Ansar (Helpers) was “Abdur-Rahman.’” (Da’if)

2596 It was reported from Iyas bin Salamah, from his father, who said: “We went on an expedition with Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) during the life of the Messenger of Allah (saw), and our code word was: Amit, Amit (‘put to death, put to death.’).”* (Hasan)

*See no. 2638

2597 It was reported from Al-Muhallab bin Abu Sufrah who said: “I was informed by someone who heard the Prophet (saw) saying: ‘If you suffer a surprise attack from the enemy then say: ‘Ha Mim, they will not be victorious.’” (Sahih)

2598 It was reported from Abu Hurairah: “When proceeding on a journey, the Messenger of Allah (saw) would say: ‘Allahumma antas-sahibu fis-Safari wal-khalifatu fil-ahli. Allahumma inni a’udhubika min wa’tha’is-safari wa ka’abatil-munqalab wa suw’il-munzari fil-ahli wal-mal. Allahummatwi lanal-arda wa hawwin ‘alainas-safar (O Allah, you are the Companion on the journey, and the Caretaker for the family. O Allah, I seek refuge in You from the difficulties of journey, and from returning in great sadness, and from someone looking with evil at our families and wealth. O Allah, gather for us the earth, and ease for us the journey).’”

2599 It was reported from Abu Az-Zubair, that ‘Ali Al-Azdi informed him, that Ibn ‘Umar taught him; “When the Messenger of Allah (saw) would go on a journey, after sitting on the back of a camel, he would say ‘Allahu Akbaru’ (Allah is the Most Great) three times, then say: ‘Subhan-alladhi sakhkhara lana hadha wama kunna lahu muqrinin, wa inna ila rabbina lamunqabiluna. Allahumma inni as’aluka fi safarina hadha al-birra wat-taqwa, wa minal-‘amali ma tarda. Allahumma hawwin ‘alaina safarana hadha. Alahummatwi lannal-bu’dahu. Allahumma antas-sahibu fis-safari, wal-khalifatu fil-ahli wal-mal (Glory is to Allah Who has placed this (transport) at our service and we ourselves would not have been capable of that, and to our Lord is our final destiny. [43:14-15] O Allah, indeed, I ask You for righteousness and piety in this journey of ours, and we ask You for deeds which please You. O Allah, make our journey easy and let us cover its distance quickly. O Allah, You are the Companion on the journey and the Caretaker for the family and wealth).’ And when he returned he would say that, and add: ‘Aibuna ta’ibun ‘abiduna lirabbuna hamidun (We are) Returning, repenting, worshipping our Lord, praising).’ And whenever the Prophet (saw) and his armies ascended high ground they would say: ‘Allahu Akbar (Allah is the Most Great),’ and when they descended, they would say: ‘Subhan Allah (Glory is to Allah).’ So the Salat has been organized according to that.* (Sahih)

*That is, saying Allahu Akbar while rising, and saying glorifications of Allah during prostration. Something similar is narrated in no. 2770.

2600 It was reported from Qaza’ah, who said: “Ibn ‘Umar said to me: ‘Come, I will bid you farewell, as the Messenger of Allah (saw) bid farewell to me: “Astawdi’ullaha dinak wa amanatak, wa khawatima a’malik (I entrust to Allah your religion, your responsibilities, and your final deeds).” (Sahih)

2601 It was reported from ‘Abdullah Al-Khatmi who said: “When the Prophet (saw) wanted to bid farewell to an army, he would say to them: ‘Astawdi’ullaha dinakum wa amanatakum, wa khawatima a’malikum (I entrust to Allah your religion, your responsibilities and your final deeds).’” (Sahih)

2602 ‘Ali bin Rabi’ah said: “I witnessed ‘Ali having an animal brought to him to ride. When he placed his foot in the stirrup he said: ‘In the Name of Allah’. So then, once he had ascended upon its back, he said: ‘All praise is due to Allah,’ then he said: Glory is to Allah Who has placed this (transport) at our service and we ourselves would not have been capable of that, and to our Lord is our final destiny.[43:13-14] Then he said: ‘All praise is due to Allah (Al-Hamdulillah)’ – three times – then he said: ‘Allah is the Most Great (Allahu Akbar)’ – three times – then he said: ‘Glory is to You, indeed I have wronged myself, so forgive me, indeed none forgives sins except for You. (Subhanaka inni qad zalamtu nafsi faghirli fa-Innahu la yaghfirudh-dhunuba illa Anta).’ Then he laughed. So I said: ‘O Commander of the Believers! What made you laugh?’ He said: ‘I saw Allah’s Messenger (saw) do as I did then laugh so I said, ‘O Messenger of Allah! What caused you to laugh?’ He said: ‘Indeed, your Lord. Most High, is pleased with His worshipper when he says: “Forgive me my sins,” (saying) “knowing that none forgives sins other than Me.” (Sahih)

2603 It was reported from Az-Zubair bin Al-Walid, from ‘Abdullah bin (‘Umar), who said: “Whenever the Messenger of Allah (saw) was traveling and night approached, he would say: ‘Ya Ard! Rabbi wa Rabbukillah, a’udhu billahi min sharriki wa sharri ma fiki, wa sharri ma khuliqa fiki, wa min sharri ma yadibbu ‘alaiki. Wa a’udhu billahi min asadin wa aswada, wa minal-hayyati wal-‘aqrabi, wa min sakinil-balad, wa min walidin wa mawalad (O earth! My Lord and your Lord is Allah, I seek refuge in Allah from your evil, from the evil of what you contain, from the evil of what has been created in you, from the evil of what creeps on you, and I seek refuge in Allah from lions and large snakes, and from other snakes and scorpions, and from the evil of those who (Jinn and human) inhabit the land, and from the evil of what gives birth and his offspring).’” (Hasan)

2604 It was reported from Abu Az-Zubair, from Jabir who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘Do not let your animals (Fawashikum) loose when the sun when the sun has just set until the darkness of the night prevails,  for the devils cause mischief when the sun has just set until the darkness of the night prevails.” (Sahih)

Abu Dawud said: Al-Fawashi is anything which spreads out.

2605 It was reported from Ka’b bin Malik, who said: “It was rare that the Messenger of Allah (saw) would set out to travel any day other than Thursday.” (Sahih)

2606 It was reported from Sahkr Al-Ghamidi, from the Prophet (saw) who said: “Allahumma! Barik li ‘ummati fi bukhuriha (O Allah! Bless my Ummah in their early mornings).” And when he sent out a detachment or an army, he would do so in the beginning of the day.

Sakhr was a businessman and he used to send his merchandise at the beginning of the day, and he became rich, acquiring a lot of wealth. (Hasan)

Abu Dawud said: He is Sakhr bin Wada’ah.

2607 It was reported from ‘Amr bin Shu’aib, from his father, from his grandfather, who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘A single rider is a Shaitan, a pair of riders are a pair of Shaitan, and three riders riders are a company of riders.” (Hasan)

2608 It was reported from Abu Sa’eed Al-Khudri that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “When three people go out on a journey they should put one of them in charge of them.” (Da’if)

2609 It was reported from Nafi’, from Abu Salamah, from Abu Hurairah, that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “When there are three people on a journey, they should put one of them in charge of them.” (Da’if)

Nafi’ said: “We said to Abu Salamah: ‘So you are our commander.’”

2610 It was reported from Malik, from Nafi’ that ‘Abdullah bin ‘Umar said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) prohibited traveling with the Qur’an to the territory of the enemy.” Malik said: “I think it is out of fear that the enemy might get it.” (Sahih)

2611 It was reported from ‘Ubaidullah bin ‘Abdullah, from Ibn ‘Abbas, from the Prophet (saw), who said: “The best number of companionship is four, the best number of expedition is four hundred, and the best number of an army is four thousand. Twelve hundred will never be defeated due to being too few in number.” (Da’if)

Abu Dawud said: What is correct is that it is Mursal.

2612 It was narrated from Sulaiman bin Buraidah that his father said: “When the Messenger of Allah (saw) dispatched a commander for an expedition or an army, he would advise them personally to fear Allah, and to be good to those of the Muslims who were under their command. And he (saw) said: “When you meet your enemies among the idolaters, call them to one of three matters, and whichever one they respond to you, then accept it from them and refrain from (fighting) them. Invite them to Islam, and if they respond, then accept it from them and refrain from (fighting) them. Then invite them to emigrate from their land to the land of the Muhajirun (Al-Madinah), and tell them that if they do that, they will have the same rights and duties as the Muhajirun have. If they refuse, and chose their homes, then tell them that they are like the Muslim Bedouin and subject to the judgment of Allah, as the believers are subject to it, but they will have no share of the booty (Fai’) and spoils (Ghanimah), unless they perform Jihad alongside the Muslims. If they refuse, then call them to pay the Jizyah. If they respond, then accept it from them and refrain from (fighting) them. If they refuse that, then seek the help of Allah and fight them. If you lay siege to a stronghold, and the people want to make a deal on the basis of the ruling of Allah, do not make a deal on the basis of the ruling of Allah, for you cannot be certain that you will be able to work out a deal with them that is in accordance with Allah’s ruling. Rather make a deal on the basis of your own ruling, then do with them after that as you will.”

Sufyan bin Uyainah said: “Alqamah said: ‘I mentioned this Hadith to Muqatil bin Hayyan, so he said: “Muslim narrated it to me.” (Sahih)

Abu Dawud said: He is Ibn Haisam, from An-Nu’man bin Muqrin, from the Prophet (saw), similar to the narration of Sulaiman bin Buraidah.*

*That is, Muqatil narrated it from Muslim bin Haisam from An-Nu’man, etc.

2613 (Another chain) from Sulaiman bin Buraidah, from his father, that the Prophet (saw) said: “Fight in the name of Allah, in the cause of Allah, Fight those who disbelieve in Allah. Fight, but do not steal from the spoils of war, and do not break your promises, and do not mutilate (the dead enemy) and do not kill children.” (Sahih)

2614 It was reported from Khalid bin Al-Fizr (who said): “Anas bin Malik narrated to me that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘Proceed in Allah’s Name, relying upon Allah, and upon the religion of the Messenger of Allah. Do not kill a frail old man, nor an infant, nor a young child, nor a woman. Do not steal from the spoils of war, but gather your spoils, and set right and do well, for Allah loves those who do well.” (Da’if)

2615 It was reported from Nafi’, from Ibn ‘Umar, who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) burnt and cut down the date-palm trees of Banu An-Nadir which were at Al-Buwairah. So Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, revealed: “What you (O Muslims) cut down of the palm-trees (of the enemy)...” [59:5] (Sahih)

2616 It was reported from ‘Urwah, who said: “Usamah told me that the Messenger of Allah (saw) enjoined upon him to attack Ubna in the morning and to burn.” (Da’if)

2617 ‘Abdullah bin ‘Amr Al-Gazzi narrated to us: “I heard Abu Mushir being told about Ubna. He said: “We know it better: It is Yubna in Palestine.’” (Sahih)

2618 It was reported from Anas, who said: “The Prophet (saw) sent Busaisah to spy on the caravans of Abu Sufyan.” (Sahih)

2619 It was reported from Al-Hasan, from Samurah bin Jundab that the Prophet of Allah (saw) said: “If one of you comes by grazing animal, and the owner happens to be there, you should seek his permission, and if he permits then you can milk it and drink it. If he is not there, then you should call him three times, and if he answers then you should take his permission, and if he does not, then you may milk it and drink from it, and you should not carry any of it.” (Da’if)

2620 It was reported from Abu Bishr, from ‘Abbad bin Shurahbil, who said: “I suffered from hunger during a drought, so I went to one of the farms in Al-Madinah, I rubbed an ear (of grain) and ate from it, and carried some of it in my garment. The owner of the farm came and hit me and took my garment. I came to the Messenger of Allah (saw) and told him. He said to him (owner): ‘You did not teach him while he was ignorant, nor did you feed him while he was hungry,’ or he said: ‘starving.’ He ordered him to return my garment, and give me a Wasq or half a Wasq of food.” (Sahih)

2621 (Another chain) from Abu Bishr, who said: “I heard ‘Abbad bin Shurahbil, a man among us, from Banu Gubar.” And he narrated its meaning (Similar to no. 2620). (Sahih)

2622 It was reported from Rafi’ bin ‘Amr Al-Ghifari, who said: “I was a young boy. I used to throw stones at the date-palm trees of the Ansar. I was brought to the Prophet (saw) who said: ‘O boy! Why do you throw stones at the date palm-trees?’ I said: ‘So I can eat.’ He said: ‘Do not thrown stones at the date-palm trees, but eat from what has fallen beneath them.’ Then he wiped his head and said: ‘O Allah! Fill his belly.’” (Da’if)

2623 It was reported from Ibn ‘Umar that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “No one should milk a milch animal without permission. Would one of you like to have their food storage approached, broken into and the food taken away? Likewise, the udders of their animals store food for them, so no one is allowed to milk anyone’s cattle without permission.” (Sahih)

2624 It was reported from Ibn Juraij, that (the Verse): “O you who believe! Obey Allah and obey the Messenger, and those of you (Muslims) who are in authority”[4:59] was revealed about ‘Abdullah bin Qais bin ‘Adi, who was sent by the Prophet (saw) on a military expedition. (He said): “Ya’la informed me of it, from Sa’eed bin Jubair from Ibn ‘Abbas.” (Sahih)

2625 It was reported from ‘Ali who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) sent an army and appointed a man as commander over them. He ordered them to listen to him and obey him. The man ignited a fire and ordered them to jump into it. Some of them refused to enter it, and said: ‘We escaped from the fire.’ Some of them wanted to enter it. When the Prophet (saw) was told about it he said: ‘If they had entered it’ – ‘or entered into it’ – ‘they would never have come out of it.’ And he said: ‘There is no obedience in disobedience to Allah, obedience is only in Ma’ruf (good).’” (Sahih)

2626 It was reported from Nafi’ from ‘Abdullah, from the Messenger of Allah (saw), that he said: “Hearing and obeying is obligatory upon the Muslim man, in what he likes and dislikes, as long as he is not ordered disobedience (to Allah). And if he is ordered to disobey Allah then he is not to hear nor obey.” (Sahih)

2627 It was reported from Bishr Ibn ‘Asim, from ‘Uqbah bin Malik – who was from his tribe – who said: “The Prophet (saw) sent a military expedition, so I gave a man among them a sword. When he returned, he said: ‘If you had seen the way the Messenger of Allah (saw) scolded us, saying: “When I sent out a man who could not fulfill my command, were you unable to put in his place somebody who could fulfill my command?” (Hasan)

2628 It was reported from Abu Tha’labah Al-Khushani, who said: “When the people dismounted to camp” – ‘Amr (one of the narrators) said: “When the Messenger of Allah (saw) dismounted to camp, the people” – “used to break up in mountain paths and valleys. So the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘Your scattering in these mountain passes and valleys is only from Shaitan.’ So after that, they would not halt to camp, except that they were so close together that it would be said: ‘If a piece of cloth was spread over them, it would cover them all.” (Sahih)

2629 It was reported from Sahl bin Mu’adh bin Anas Al-Juhani, from his father, who said: “I fought in such and such battle with Allah’s Prophet (saw). The camp was over crowded and the people started to block the road. The Prophet (saw) sent a caller to announce among the people: ‘Whoever crowds the camp or blocks the rod, then there is no Jihad for him.’” (Hasan)

2630 (Another chain) from Sahl bin Mu’adh, from his father: “We went to battle along with Allah’s Prophet (saw).” And he narrated it in meaning (Similar to no. 2629). (Hasan)

2631 It was reported from Salim bin Abi An-Nadr, the freed slave of ‘Umar bin ‘Ubaidullah meaning, Ibn Ma’mar – and he was his scribe – he said: “ ‘Abdullah bin Abi Awfa wrote to him (‘Umar bin ‘Ubaidullah) when he went out to Al-Haruriyyah: ‘The Messenger of Allah (saw) said once when he faced the enemies: ‘O people! Do not desire to encounter the enemy, and ask Allah for ‘Afiyah. And when you encounter them, then be patient, and know that Paradise is under the shade of swords.’ Then he said: ‘Allahumma! Munzilal-Kitabi mujri-as-sahabi wa hazimal-ahzabi ihzimhum wansurna ‘alaihim (O Allah! Revealer of the Book, mover of the rain clouds, vanquisher of the confederates, defeat them, and aid us over them).’” (Sahih)

2632 It was reported from Al-Muthanna bin Sa’eed, from Qatadah, from Anas bin Malik, who said: “When the Messenger of Allah (saw) went to fight, he would say: ‘Allahumma! Anta ‘adudi wa nasiri, bika ahulu wa bika asulu wa bika uqatil (O Allah! You are my aid and my support, by You I defend, by You I attack, and by You I fight).” (Da’if)

2633 Ibn ‘Awn said: “I wrote to Nafi’ asking him about calling the idolaters (to accept Islam) before battle. He replied to me: ‘It was in the early days of Islam, and Allah’s Prophet (saw) initiated a surprise attack on Banu Al-Mustalaq, taking them completely by surprise, and they were taking their cattle to the water to drink. He killed the fighters, and took captives. On that day, Juwairiyah bint Al-Harith was captured, ‘Abdullah narrated that to me, and he was part of that army.’” (Sahih)

Abu Dawud said: This is an outstanding Hadith. Ibn ‘Awn narrated it from Nafi’, and no one shared with him in (narrating) it.

2634 It was reported from Anas, who said: “The Prophet (saw) used to attack at the time of the Subh (Fajr) prayer. He used to listen; if he heard the Adhan, he would not attack, otherwise he would attack.” (Sahih)

2635 It was reported from Ibn ‘Isam Al-Muzani, from his father, who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) sent us on a military expedition, and said: ‘If you see a Masjid, or hear a Mu’adh-dhin do not kill anybody.” (Da’if)

2636 It was reported from Jabir that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘War is deception.” (Sahih)

2637 It was reported from Ma’mar, from Az-Zuhri, from ‘Abdur-Rahman bin Ka’b bin Malik, from his father that whenever the Prophet (saw) wanted to go on a military expedition, he made it appear as if he was headed somewhere else, and he used to say: ‘War is deception.’” (Sahih)

Abu Dawud said: No one came with this (narration) except for Ma’mar, meaning his saying: “War is deception” with this chain or narrators. It was only related from the Hadith of ‘Amr bin Dinar, from Jabir, and from the Hadith of Ma’mar, from Hammam bin Munnabih, from Abu Hurairah.

2638 It was reported from Iyas bin Salamah, from his father, who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) appointed Abu Bakr as commander over us to fight a battle against some people among the idolaters. So we attacked at night, killing them, and our code word that night was: ‘Amit, amit’ (put to death, put to death). Salamah said: “That night, I killed seven idolaters in their homes with my own hand.”*

2639 It was reported from Abu Az-Zubair, from Jabir bin ‘Abdullah, who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) used to be at the rear while traveling, to urge the weak ones, to let someone ride on his mount behind him, and to supplicate for them.” (Sahih)

2640 It was reported from Abu Hurairah, who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘I have been ordered to fight the people until they say: “La ilaha illallah (None has the right to be worshipped but Allah).” When they say that, their blood and wealth will be safe from me – except by its right – and their reckoning is upon Allah, the Mighty and Sublime.’” (Sahih)

2641 It was reported from Anas who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘I have been ordered to fight the people until they bear witness to:

2642 (Another chain) from Anas bin Malik who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘I have been ordered to fight the idolaters’” with its meaning (Similar to no. 2641). (Sahih)

2643 It was reported from Usamah bin Zaid who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) sent us on an expedition to Al-Huraqat. They warned each other of us and fled. We reached a man from them and when we attacked him, he said: ‘La ilaha illallah (None has the right to be worshipped but Allah)’, but we struck him until we killed him. I told this to the Prophet (saw). He said: ‘Who will save you from La ilaha illallah on the Day of Judgment?’ I said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! He only uttered it out of fear of the weapon.’ He said: ‘Did you split open his heart so you know whether he said it for that or not? Who will save you from: La ilaha illallah, on the Day of Judgment?’ He kept on repeating it until I wished I had not accepted Islam before that day.” (Sahih)

2644 It was reported from ‘Ubaidullah bin ‘Adi bin Al-Khiyar, from Al-Miqdad bin Al-Aswad, who informed him that he said: “O Messenger of Allah! Tell me, if I meet a disbeliever and he fights me and strikes one of my hands with the sword, and then takes refuge by a tree, and says: ‘I submit to Allah.’ Can I kill him O Messenger of Allah after what he said?” The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Do not kill him.” I said: “O Messenger of Allah! But he cut off my hand!” The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Do not kill him. If you kill him, he will be in your position before you killed him, and you will be in his position before the words which he uttered.’” (Sahih)

2645 It was reported from Isma’il, from Qais, from Jarir bin ‘Abdullah, that he said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) sent an expedition to Kath’am, where some people sought protection by prostrating. They were killed quickly.” He said: “The Prophet (saw) was told about the incident, and he ordered that half of the blood money be paid for them, and he said: ‘I am not responsible for any Muslim who lives among idolaters.’ They said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! Why?’ He said: ‘They should not see each other’s fires.’” (Da’if)

Abu Dawud said: It was reported by Hushaim, Ma’mar, Khalid Al-Wasiti and a group of narrators, but they did not mention Jarir.

2646 It was reported from ‘Ikrimah, from Ibn ‘Abbas who said: “When the following Verse was revealed: ‘If there are twenty steadfast persons amongst you, they will overcome two hundred..., it became very difficult on the Muslims since Allah decreed upon them, that one should not flee from ten. Then a lighter decree was revealed, He said: Now Allah has lightened your (task). – (The narrator) Abu Tawbah recited it up to: ‘They shall overcome two hundred, [8:65-66] – when Allah lightened upon them their numbers, patience also decreased according to the number lightened from them.” (Sahih)

2647 It was reported from ‘Abdur-Rahman bin Abi Laila who narrated that ‘Abdullah bin ‘Umar narrated to him that he was in an expedition with the Messenger of Allah (saw), and the people turned to flee, and I was among those who fled. After we were safe, we said: “What should we do, for we fled the battlefield and we deserve Allah’s anger!?” We said: “Let us enter Al-Madinah and stay there, and then go while no one sees us.” Then we entered and said to ourselves: “If we present ourselves to the Messenger of Allah (saw), and if there is a possibility of repentance for us, we will stay (in Al-Madinah), and if it is something else we will go away.” We sat down waiting for the Messenger of Allah (saw) before the Fajr prayer. When he came out, we stood up and said to him: “We are those that fled.” He turned to us, and said: “Rather you are Al-‘Akkarun (those who are regrouping) and I am your reinforcement.” (Da’if)

2648 It was reported from Abu Nadrah, from Abu Sa’eed, who said: “The following was revealed on the Day of Badr: ‘...And whoever turns his back to them on such a day....’” [8:16]* (Sahih)

*What follows here is a chain of narration from Al-Baghdadi for the next section. Through this chain, Al-Lu’lu’i informs that he heard the following from the author in Muharram of the year 275 H.

2649 It was reported from Khabbab who said: “We came to the Messenger of Allah (saw) while he was reclining on a Burdah (an outer garment) in the shade of Ka’bah. We complained to him saying: ‘Will you not seek help for us, will you not supplicate to Allah for us?’ He sat up straight, his face turned red, and he said: ‘Among those who were before you, a man would be taken, and a pit would be dug for him in the earth, and then a saw would be brought, and he would be sawed into two halves from his head, yet that would not make him change his religion, and his flesh would be torn from his bones with an iron comb, yet that would not make him change his religion. By Allah! Allah will complete this matter, until a rider will (travel) from San’a’ to Hadramawt, and the wolf, regarding his sheep, but you surely are a hasty people.’” (Sahih)

2650 It was narrated from ‘Ubaidullah bin Abi Fari’, who was a scribe for ‘Ali bin Abi Talib, who said: “I heard ‘Ali saying: ‘The Messenger of Allah (saw) sent myself, Az-Zubair, and Al-Miqdad, and he said: “Proceed until you come to the garden of Khakh where you will find a woman with a letter, take it from her.” We proceeded racing each other on our horses until we came to the garden, where we found the woman. We said: “Give us the letter.” She said: “I don’t have any letters.” I said: “Either you take out the letter, or we will strip you off your clothes (to search for the letter).’” He said: ‘She took it out from a braid in her hair. We brought it to the Prophet (saw). It was addressed from Hatib bin Abi Balta’ah to some people from the idolaters, informing them about some of the affairs of the Messenger of Allah (saW). He asked: “What is this O Hatib?” He replied: “O Messenger of Allah! Do not be hasty with me, I am a man who was attached to the Quraish, while I am not one of them. Whereas those of the Quraish (emigrants living in Al-Madinah), they have a relationship with them through which they get protection for their families in Makkah. As I did not have that protection, I wanted to give them some support, so they may protect my relatives. By Allah! O Messenger of Allah! I am not guilty of disbelief nor of apostasy.” The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “He told you the truth.” ‘Umar said: ‘Give me permission to strike the neck of this hypocrite.” The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “He attended (the battle of) Badr, and what do you know; perhaps Allah has looked upon those who were present at Badr and said: ‘Do whatever you wish, for I have forgiven you.’” (Sahih)

2651 It was reported from Abu ‘Abdur-Rahman As-Sulami, from ‘Ali with this story. He said: “Hatib left and wrote to the people of Makkah. ‘Muhammad (saw) is going to proceed towards you.’” And he said in it: “She said: ‘I do not have a letter.’ We made her camel kneel down to search her, but we did not find any letter with her.” ‘Ali said: “By Him in whose Name the oath is taken! I will kill you, or you take out the letter.” And he narrated the rest of the Hadith (Similar to no. 2650). (Sahih)

2652 It was reported from Furat bin Hayyan that the Messenger of Allah (saw) ordered that he (i.e., a spy who is not a Muslim but is Dhimmi, having a covenant with Muslims) be killed. He was a spy for Abu Sufyan and an ally of a man from the Ansar and he said: “I am a Muslim.” A man from the Ansar said: “O Messenger of Allah! He claims that he is a Muslim.” The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Among you are people in whose faith we trust, among them are Furat bin Hayyan.” (Da’if)

2653 It was reported from Salamah bin Al-Akwa’, who said: “A spy from the idolaters came to the Prophet (saw) while he was in a journey. He sat near his Companions and then slipped away. The Prophet (saw) said: ‘Find him and kill him.’” He said: “I raced ahead of them and killed him. I took his belongings back, which the Prophet (saw) gave me.” (Sahih)

2654 It was reported from Iyas bin Salamah (who said): “My father narrated to me, he said: “I fought in the battle against Hawazin with the Messenger of Allah (saw), and while we were having a meal in the morning – as most of us were on foot and some of us were weak – a man came on a red camel. He took out a leather strap from the loin of the camel, and tied his camel with it, then came to eat with the people. When he saw their weakness, and lack of mounts, he went hastily to his camel, untied it, made it kneel down, and sat on it, he then left, galloping quickly. A man from Aslam followed him on a brown she-camel which was among the best mounts they had. I went out galloping till I caught up with him. The head of the she-camel was at the hip of the camel, then I proceeded further, until I was able to take the reign of the camel and make it kneel down. As soon as it put its knee down on the earth, I drew my sword and hit the man on his head and he fell down. I then came back, leading the camel with the equipment on top. The Messenger of Allah (saw) met me with the people. He said: ‘Who killed the man?’ They said: ‘Salamah bin Al-Akwa’.’ Then he said: ‘He gets all the spoils.’” Harun (one of the narrators) said: “This is Hashim’s version.” (Sahih)

2655 It was reported from An-Nu’man, meaning Ibn Muqarrin, who said: “I observed the Messenger of Allah (saw). If he did not fight at the beginning of the day; he would delay the fighting until the sun passes the zenith, the wind blows and the aid descends.” (Sahih)

2656 It was reported from Al-Hasan, from Qais bin ‘Ubad who said: “The Companions of the Prophet (saw) used to dislike raised voices when fighting.” (Da’if)

2657 It was reported from Abu Burdah, from his father, from the Prophet (saw); similar to that. (Da’if)

2658 Al-Bara’ said: “When the Prophet (saw) encountered the idolaters on the Day of Hunain, and they (Muslims) retreated, he dismounted his mule, and walked on foot.” (Sahih)

2659 It was reported from Jabir bin ‘Atiq that Allah’s Prophet (saw) said: “From Al-Ghairah is what Allah loves, and from it what Allah hates. As for that which Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, loves, it is Ghairah in matters of doubt; and as for that which Allah hates, it is Ghairah in matters in which there is no doubt. And indeed from pride there is some which Allah hates, and some which Allah loves, it is the pride of man during the time of battle, and his pride at the time of giving charity; and as for the one which Allah, the Mighty and Sublime hates, it is the pride shown through oppression.” (One of the narrators) Musa said: “and by boasting.” (Hasan)

2660 It was reported from Abu Hurairah, who said: “The Prophet (saw) sent out ten spies and appointed ‘Asim bin Thabit as their commander. About one hundred archers from the tribe of Hudhail came out to attack them. When ‘Asim became aware of them, they took refuge on a hillock. They said: ‘Come down and surrender yourselves and we give our promise and covenant not to kill anyone of you.’ ‘Asim said: ‘As for me, I will not descend into the protection of a disbeliever.’ Then they shot at them with their arrows and killed a group of seven, including ‘Asim. Three of them came down accepting their promise and covenant. They were Khubaib, Zaid bin Ad-Dathinah, and another man. As soon as they got hold of them, they took off the strings on their bows, using them to tie them up. The third man said: “This is their first act of treachery, by Allah! I am not going to accompany you people. In them (my companions who died) I take my example.’ They dragged him, but he refused to go with them, so they killed him. Khubaib stayed as their captive, until they finally agreed to kill him. He asked for a razor to shave his pubes. When they took him outside to kill him, he said to them: ‘Let me pray two Rak’ah.’ Then he said: ‘By Allah! If it was not that you people might think that I was afraid I would have increased (the length of prayer).’” (Sahih)

2661 Az-Zuhri said: “ ‘Amr bin Abi Sufyan bin Asid bin Jariyah Ath-Thaqafi, who was an ally of Banu Zuhrah, and was among the companions of Abu Hurairah, informed me...” then he mentioned the Hadith (Similar to no. 2660). (Sahih)

2662 Al-Bara’ said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) made ‘Abdullah bin Jubair commander over the archers on the day of the battle of Uhud, and they were fifty men. He said: ‘Even if you see birds snatching us, do not leave your positions until I send for you, and if you see that we have defeated them and made them flee, do not leave your positions until I send for you.’” He (Al-Bara’) said: “Allah then routed them. By Allah, I saw the women hastening to climb the mountain. The companions of ‘Abdullah bin Jubair said: ‘The spoils, O people! The spoils! Your companions have been victorious, so what are you waiting for?’ ‘Abdullah bin Jubair said: ‘Have you forgotten what the Messenger of Allah (saw) ordered you?’ But they said: ‘By Allah, we are going down to the people to take the spoils.’ So they came down, and their faces were turned away (from the enemies) and they were defeated.” (Sahih)

2663 It was reported from Hamzah bin Abi Usaid, from his father who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said to us, when we made our rows for the battle of Badr: ‘When they come near you, then shoot them with arrows, but do not use up all of your arrows.” (Sahih)

2664 It was reported from Malik bin Hamzah bin Abi Usaid As-Sa’idi, from his father, from his grandfather: “The Prophet (saw) said, on the Day of Badr: ‘When they come near you, then shoot them with arrows, and do not draw your swords until they are upon you.’” (Da’if)

2665 ‘Ali said: “ ‘Utbah bin Rabi’ah came forward, followed by his son and his brother, and called out: ‘Who will engage in a dual?’ Some of the youths of the Ansar (Helpers) replied to him. But he said: ‘Who are you?’ They replied to him. Then he said: ‘We do not want you, but we only want our cousins.’ The Prophet (saw) said: ‘Get up O Hamzah! Get up O ‘Ali! Get up O ‘Ubaidah bin Al-Harith!’ Hamzah went forward to ‘Utbah, and I went forward to Shaibah, and ‘Ubaidah and Al-Walid exchanged two blows, injuring one another severely. Then we turned towards Al-Walid and killed him, and we carried ‘Ubaidah away.” (Da’if)

2666 It was reported from ‘Alqamah, from ‘Abdullah, who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘Those with most mercy at the time of killing are the people of Faith.’” (Da’if)

2667 Al-Hayyaj bin ‘Imran reported that a slave of ‘Imran ran away. He vowed, by Allah, that if he catches him, he will cut off his hand. Then he sent me to ask about that. I came to Samurah bin Jundab and asked him. He said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) used to urge us to give charity and prohibit us from mutilation.” So I came to ‘Imran bin Husain and asked him. He said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) used to urge us to give charity and prohibit us from mutilation.” (Da’if)

2668 It was reported from Nafi’, from ‘Abdullah who said: “A woman was found slain in one of the battles of the Messenger of Allah (saw). So the Messenger of Allah (saw) censured the killing of women and children.” (Sahih)

2669 It was reported from Rabah bin Rabi’, who said: “We were with the Messenger of Allah (saw) in a battle. He saw some people gathered around something, so he sent a man, and said: ‘Go and see what they have gathered for.’ He came back and said: ‘It was a woman who has been killed.’ So he said: ‘She would not have been fighting.’ Khalid bin Al-Walid was in the advanced guard, so he sent a man saying: ‘Tell Khalid: “Do not kill a woman or a hired hand.” (Sahih)

2670 It was reported from Al-Hasan, from Samurah bin Jundab who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘Kill the old polytheist men, but spare their children.’” (Da’if)

2671 ‘Aishah said: No woman from Banu Quraizah was killed except one. She was talking with me laughing so hard, rolling on her back and belly, while the Messenger of Allah (saw) was killing the men of her tribe at the market. Suddenly a man called her name: ‘Where is so-and-so?’ She said: ‘Here I am.’ I said: ‘What did you do?’ She said: ‘Something unprecedented.’ She was taken away and killed. I cannot forget her – surprised by her behaviour – she was talking with me, and laughing so much; rolling around on her back and belly, while she knew she will be killed.”* (Hasan)

*This appears again, see no. 5268.

2672 It was reported from Az-Zuhri, from ‘Ubaidullah, meaning Ibn ‘Abdullah, from Ibn ‘Abbas, from As-Sa’b bin Jaththamah, that he asked the Messenger of Allah (saw) about the settlements of the idolaters when they are under attack at night, and their children and women are killed. The Prophet (saw) said: “They are from them.” And ‘Amr, meaning Ibn Dinar used to say: “They are from their parents.” Az-Zuhri said: “After that the Messenger of Allah (saw) prohibited killing of women and children.” (Sahih)

2673 It was reported from Muhammad bin Hamzah Al-Aslami from his father, that the Messenger of Allah (saw) appointed him as a commander over a military expedition. He said: “So I went along with them, and he (the Prophet) said: ‘If you find so-and-so, then burn him with fire.’ Then I turned to depart. He called me to come back, so I came back to him. He said: ‘If you find so-and-so, then kill him, and do not burn him, so nobody punishes with fire except the Lord of the Fire.’” (Hasan)

2674 It was reported from Abu Hurairah that he said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) sent us on an expedition, and said: ‘If you find so-and-so...’ Then he mentioned it in meaning (as no. 2673). (Sahih)

2675 It was reported from ‘Abdur-Rahman bin ‘Abdullah, from his father who said: “We were with the Messenger of Allah (saw) in a journey. He went to relieve himself. We saw a Humrah with two chicks of hers, and we took one of her chicks. The Humrah came and started shaking her spread out wings. The Prophet (saw) said: ‘Who distressed her because of her chicks, give her chick back to her.’ And he also saw an ant colony which we had burnt, so he said: ‘Who burnt this down?’ We said: ‘We did.’ He said: ‘It is not allowed to punish with fire, except for the Lord of the Fire.’”* (Hasan)

*This appears again, see no. 5268.

2676 It was reported from Wathilah bin Al-Asqa’ who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) announced the expedition to Tabuk. I went to my family, and then came back. The first of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (saw) were already on the way. I started to announce loudly in Al-Madinah: ‘Is there anyone who can transport a man, and he will get a share (from the spoils).’ An old man from the Ansar replied loudly: ‘We will have his share of the spoils if we transport him by turns, and he will share the food with us?’ I said: ‘Yes.’ He replied: ‘Then proceed on the journey, with the blessings of Allah, the Exalted.’ So I went with good companionship until Allah granted us (spoils), and I was given young female camels as my share of the spoils. I drove them till I reached him. He came out, and sat on one of the saddles of his camel, and said: ‘Drive them backwards.’ Again he said: ‘Drive them forward.’ Then he said: ‘I find your young female camels very gentle.’ I said: This is your spoils which I have shared out you.’ He said: ‘Take back your young female camels O my nephew. It was not your share that we wanted!’” (Hasan)

2677 It was reported from Abu Hurairah who said: “I heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) saying: ‘Our Lord, the Exalted, is amazed with a people who are lead into Paradise in chains.’” (Sahih)

2678 It was reported from Muslim bin ‘Abdullah, from Jundab bin Makith who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) sent ‘Abdullah bin Ghalib Al-Laithi on an expedition, and I was with them. He ordered them to raid Banu Al-Mulawwah in Kadid. So we set out, until we arrived in Kadid, where we met Al-Harith bin Al-Barsa’ Al-Laithi whom we took captive. He said: ‘I only came intending to accept Islam, and I only came out to go to the Messenger of Allah (saw).’ We said: ‘If you are a Muslim, our tying you up for a day and a night will not harm you, and if you are not, then we will have you tied up.’ So we tied him up.” (Da’if)

2679 It was reported from Sa’eed bin Abi Sa’eed, that he heard Abu Hurairah saying: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) sent a cavalry troop towards Najd. They returned with a man from Banu Hanifah by the name of Thumamah bin Uthal, who was the chief of the people of Al-Yamamah. They tied him to one of the pillars of the Masjid. The Messenger of Allah (saw) went out to him and said: ‘What do you have to say O Thumamah?’ He said: ‘Something good O Muhammad! If you kill me you are going to kill someone whose blood will be avenged, but if you show leniency, you will be showing leniency to one who is grateful. If you want wealth, just ask for it, and you will be given it as you wish.’ The Messenger of Allah (saw) left him alone. When the following day came he asked him again: ‘What do you have to say O Thumamah?’ He repeated what he had said before. The Messenger of Allah (saw) left him alone. When the next day after the following day came, he mentioned the same words as before. The Messenger of Allah (saw) then said: ‘Set Thumamah free.’ He went off to some date palm trees near the Masjid and performed Ghusl and returned to the Masjid. Then he said: ‘I bear witness that there is none has the right to be worshipped but Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and His Messenger.’” And (he cited) the Hadith.

(One of the narrators) ‘Eisa said: “Al-Laith informed us” and he said: “A protected man.” (Sahih)

2680 It was reported from Yahya bin ‘Abdullah bin ‘Abdur-Rahman bin Sa’d bin Zurarah, who said: “When the captives arrived, Sawdah bint Zam’ah was with the family of ‘Afra’, at the halting place for their camels, with ‘Awf and Mu’awwidh the sons of ‘Afra’. This happened before the Hijab was prescribed. Sawdah said: ‘By Allah! I was with them, and when I came from them (the family of ‘Afra’), I was told: “These people are the captives that have just arrived.” I returned to my house, and the Messenger of Allah was in it, and Abu Yazid – Suhail bin ‘Amr – was in a corner of the room, his hands tied up to his neck with a rope.’” Then he mentioned the rest of the Hadith. (Hasan)

Abu Dawud said: And they (‘Awf and Mu’awwidh) killed Abu Jahl bin Hisham. They had deputed themselves to kill him while they did not know him, and they killed him at the battle of Badr.

2681 Anas said: The Messenger of Allah (saw) called his Companions to proceed towards Badr. Suddenly they came across the water-carrying camels of the Quraish, among them was a black slave belonging to Banu Al-Hajjaj. The Companions of the Messenger of Allah (saw) took him captive and started asking him where Abu Sufyan was. He said: ‘By Allah! I don’t know anything about him, but this is the Quraish who have come here, and among them are Abu Jahl, ‘Utbah and Shaibah the two sons of Rabi’ah, and Umayyah bin Khalaf.’ When he said that to them, they beat him. Then he said: ‘Leave me alone, leave me alone, I will tell you.’ When they stopped, he said: ‘By Allah! I don’t know anything about him, but this is the Quraish who have come here, and among them are Abu Jahl, ‘Utbah and Shaibah the two sons of Rabi’ah and Umayyah bin Khalaf. They have come.’ All this happened while the Prophet (saw) was praying and hearing all the conversation. After he finished the prayer, he said: ‘By Him in whose Hand my soul is! You people are beating him when he tells the truth, and leaving him when he tells a lie. This is the Quraish who have come here to protect Abu Sufyan.’”

Anas said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘This is the place where so-and-so will fall tomorrow,’ and he placed his hand on the ground; ‘this is the place where so-and-so will fall tomorrow,’ and he placed his hand on the ground; ‘This is the place where so-and-so will fall tomorrow,’ and he placed his hand on the ground.” He (Anas) said: ‘By Him in whose Hand my soul is! Nobody advanced beyond the place of the hand of the Messenger of Allah (saw). The Messenger of Allah (saw) ordered that they be dragged by their feet and thrown into a well at Badr.” (Sahih)

2682 It was reported from Ibn ‘Abbas who said: “When a woman was Miqlah (her children did not survive), she would vow that if her child survives she will make him a Jew. When Banu An-Nadir were expelled (from Arabia) there were some children of the Ansar among them. They said: ‘We shall not have our children.’ So Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, revealed: There is no compulsion in religion. Verily, the right path has become distinct from the wrong path.”[2:256] (Sahih)

Abu Dawud said: Al-Miqlah means a woman whose children do not survive.

2683 It was reported from Sa’d, who said: “On the Day of the conquest of Makkah, the Messenger of Allah (saw) granted protection to all the people except four men and two women,” and he named them. Ibn Abi Sarh was one of them. Then he mentioned the Hadith. He said: ‘As for Ibn Abi Sarh, he hid himself with ‘Uthman bin ‘Affan. When the Messenger of Allah (saw) called people to give him their pledge of allegiance, he brought him and made him stand in front of the Messenger of Allah (saw), then he said: ‘O Prophet of Allah! Receive the pledge of allegiance from ‘Abdullah.’ He raised his head and looked at him three times, each time refusing him. Then he received the pledge after the third time. Then he faced towards his Companions, and said: ‘Was there not among you an intelligent man, whom when he saw me not accepting his pledge would stand up and kill him?’ They said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! We do not know what is in your soul, why did you not hint to us with your eye?’ He said: ‘It is not proper for a Prophet to have a treacherous eye.’”* (Hasan)

Abu Dawud said: ‘Abdullah was a foster-brother of ‘Uthman, and Al-Walid bin ‘Uqbah was ‘Uthman’s brother, through his mother, and ‘Uthman imposed the Hadd (of lashes) beating him for drinking wine.

*See also no. 4359.

2684 It was reported from ‘Amr bin ‘Uthman bin ‘Abdur-Rahman bin Sa’eed bin Yarbu’ Al-Makhzumi, who said: “My grandfather narrated to me, from his father, that on the day of the Conquest of Makkah, the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘There are four whom I will not grant protection, neither in Hill, nor Haram’* then he named them. There were two singing slave-girls belonging to Maqis: One of them was killed, and the other escaped, and she accepted Islam. (Da’if)

Abu Dawud said: I did not understand its chain of narration from Ibn Al-‘Ala’ the way I would like to.**

*Meaning, in the Haram – sacred precincts – or out of it, and also in a state of Ihram or not.

**Meaning, Muhammad bin Al-‘Ala’, from whom he heard this narration.

2685 Anas bin Malik said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) entered Makkah in the Year of the Conquest wearing a helmet (Mighfar) on his head. When he took it off, a man came and said to him: Ibn Khatal is clinging to the curtains of the Ka’bah. He said: ‘Kill him.’” (Sahih)

Abu Dawud said: Then name of Ibn Khatal is ‘Abdullah, and Abu Barzah Al-Aslami killed him.

2686 It was reported from Ibrahim, who said: “Ad-Dahhak bin Qais wanted to give Masruq a post. ‘Umarah bin ‘Uqbah said to him: ‘Do you want to appoint someone from among the remnants of the murderers of ‘Uthman?’ Masruq said to him: “Abdullah bin Mas’ud narrated to us, and he was trustworthy according to us, in Hadith: ‘When the Prophet (saw) wanted to kill your father, he said: “Who will look after my children?” He replied: “The Fire.” I approve for you what the Messenger of Allah (saw) approved for you.’” (Da’if)

2687 It was reported from Ibn Ti’la, who said: “We fought along with ‘Abdur-Rahman bin Khalid bin Al-Walid. Four who were strong among the enemies were brought. He ordered them to be killed in confinement.” (Da’if)

Abu Dawud said: Others, aside from Sa’eed, said to us, in this Hadith; from Ibn Wahb: “With arrows in confinement. So when that reached Abu Ayyub Al-Ansari, he said: ‘I heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) prohibit killing a person in confinement. By the One in whose Hand my soul is! Even if it is a chicken I will not kill it in confinement.’ So this reached ‘Abdur-Rahman bin Khalid bin Al-Walid, so he freed the four slaves.”

2688 Anas said: “Eighty men from the people of Makkah came down from the mountains of Tan’im to kill the Prophet (saw) and his Companions at the time of the Fajr prayer. The Messenger of Allah (saw) took them captive without fighting, and he freed them. Therefore, Allah, the Mighty and Sublime revealed: ‘And He it is Who withheld their hands from you, and your hands from them in the midst of Makkah...’ till the end of the Verse.”[48:24] (Sahih)

2689 It was reported from Muhammad bin Jubair bin Mut’im, from his father, that the Prophet (saw) said to the captives of Badr: “If Mut’im bin ‘Adi was alive and spoke to me on behalf of those filthy ones, I would have freed them for him.” (Sahih)

2690 It was reported from Simak Al-Hanafi who said: “Ibn ‘Abbas narrated to me, he said: “ ‘Umar bin Al-Khattab said: “On the day of (the battle of) Badr, the Prophet (saw) accepted ransom, so Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, revealed: ‘It is not for a Prophet that he should have prisoners of war (and free them with ransom) until he had made a great slaughter (among the enemies) in the land...’ up to His saying: ‘...(a severe torment) would have touched you for what you took...’ [8:67-68] of the ransom, then (later) Allah made the spoils of war lawful for them.” (Sahih)

Abu Dawud said: I heard Ahmad bin Hanbal being asked about Abu Nuh’s (one of the narrators) name: He said: “What do you want to do with his name? His name is a bad one.”

Abu Dawud said: His name is Qurad, and what is correct is that his name is ‘Abdur-Rahman bin Gazwan.*

*Meaning, that Qurad is a nickname.

2691 It was reported from Abu Ash-Sha’tha’, from Ibn ‘Abbas that the Prophet (saw) fixed the ransom for the people of Jahiliyyah on the Day of Badr at four hundred. (Hasan)

2692 It was reported from ‘Aishah that she said: “When the people of Makkah sent ransom to free their families from captivity, Zainab sent some wealth to free Abu Al-‘As, along with her necklace, which was Khadijah’s and she had given to Zainab at the time of her marriage to Abu Al-‘As.” She said: “When the Messenger of Allah (saw) saw it, he was overwhelmed with compassion for her, and said: ‘If you (wish) consider freeing the captive (i.e., Abu Al-‘As), and also return back to her what belongs to her.’ They said: ‘Yes.’ The Messenger of Allah (saw) had taken oath from him, or he promised him, to let Zainab come to him. The Messenger of Allah (saw) sent Zaid bin Harithah and another man from the Ansar, and told them: ‘Be in the valley of Ya’jij until Zainab passes you, then accompany her until you bring her.’” (Hasan)

2693 Marwan and Al-Miswar bin Makhramah said: “When the delegates of Hawazin came as Muslims, they requested that their wealth be returned back to them. The Messenger of Allah (saw) said to them: ‘There are others with me as you see, and the dearest speech to me is that which is most true. So choose either the captives or the wealth.’ They said: ‘We choose our captives.’ The Messenger of Allah (saw) stood up, praised Allah and then said: ‘To proceed: Indeed your brethren have come with repentance, and I see it appropriate to return back to them their captives. Whoever among you would like to do that as a favour, then he should do so, and whoever amongst you wants to keep his share, until we give him something from the first Fai’ which Allah grants us, he may do so.’ The people said: ‘We would like to (release) the captives for them O Messenger of Allah!’ The Messenger of Allah (saw) said to them: ‘We do not know who amongst you have given the permission and who did not, so return back until your leaders may come back to me with your affair.’ So the people went away, and they were spoken to by their leaders. They informed them that they agree to give the captives back and have granted the permission.” (Sahih)

2694 It was reported from ‘Amr bin Shu’aib, from his father, from his grandfather – about this narrative – he said: “Then the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘Return their women and children to them, and anyone who keeps anything from this Fai’ he will be compensated for it by six camels from the first Fai’ which Allah, Most High, grants us.’ Then the Prophet (saw) went to a camel and took some hair of its hump, and said: ‘O people! I am not taking anything from this Fai’, not even this (hair),’ he raised his two fingers, and said: ‘except the Khumus (the fifth), and this Khumus is returned among you, so give back even the threads and the needles.’ A man stood up with a ball of hair in his hand, and said: ‘I had taken this to fix my saddle blanket with it.’ The Messenger of Allah (saw) then said: ‘Whatever belongs to me and Banu ‘Abdul-Muttalib, you can take it.’ He said: ‘After what I have seen transpire, then I have no desire for it at all, and discarded it.’”* (Hasan)

*The author recorded another narration with something similar, see no. 2755.

2695 It was reported from Abu Talhah, who said: “After being victorious over any people, the Messenger of Allah (saw) would stay at the battlefield for three nights.”

(In his version) Ibn Al-Muthannah said: “If he was victorious over any people, he liked to stay in their battlefield for three days.” (Sahih)

Abu Dawud said: Yahya bin Sa’eed used to criticize this Hadith because it is not among the early Hadith of Sa’eed, since his memory became distorted in the year forty – five, and this Hadith was not narrated except later than that.

Abu Dawud said: It is said that Waki’ reported from him after he became mixed up (in narrating).

2696 It was reported from Maimun bin Abi Shabib, from ‘Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, that he separated between a slave woman and her child. The Prophet (saw) prohibited him from doing that, and withdrew the sale. (Da’if)

Abu Dawud said: Maimun did not meet ‘Ali. He (Maimun) was killed in the battle of Al-Jamajim, and Al-Jamajim was in the year eighty-three.

Abu Dawud said: And the battle of Al-Harrah was in the year sixty-three, and Ibn Az-Zubair was killed in the year seventy-three.

2697 It was reported from Iyas bin Salamah, who said: “My father narrated to me, he said: ‘We went out on an expedition with Abu Bakr, whom the Messenger of Allah (saw) had appointed commander over us. We attacked Fazarah, then I saw a group of people, among which were children and women. I shot an arrow towards them, which fell between them and the mountain, so they stood there. I brought them to Abu Bakr. Among them there was a woman from Fazarah, and she was wearing a leather coat. She had her daughter with her, who was the most beautiful of the Arabs. Abu Bakr awarded me her daughter. When I arrived in Al-Madinah, the Messenger of Allah (saw) met me and said: ‘O Salamah! Grant me the woman.’ I said: ‘By Allah! I like her, but I have not removed her garments.’ He kept quiet, and when the next day came, the Messenger of Allah (saw) met me in the market, and said to me: ‘O Salamah! Grant me the woman by Allah! By your father.’* So I said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! By Allah! I have not removed her garment, and she is for you.’ He sent her to the people of Makkah who had some (Muslim) captives. They were released (in exchange) for this woman.” (Sahih)

*This was a custom of swearing that was later prohibited.

2698 It was reported from Ibn Abi Za’idah, from ‘Ubaidullah, from Nafi’, from Ibn ‘Umar that a male slave of Ibn ‘Umar ran away to the enemy, and then the Muslims were victorious over them. The Messenger of Allah (saw) returned him back to Ibn ‘Umar, and he was not part of the distribution (of the spoils). (Da’if)

Abu Dawud said: It was said by other than him: “Khalid bin Al-Walid returned him to Ibn ‘Umar.”

2699 It was reported from Ibn Numair, from ‘Ubaidullah, from Nafi’, from Ibn ‘Umar, who said that a horse of his fled away and was captured by the enemy. Then the Muslims were victorious over them, and it was returned back to him during the life-time of the Messenger of Allah (saw); and a male slave of his ran away and joined the territory of the Romans. The Muslims were victorious over them and Khalid bin Al-Walid returned him to him after the Prophet (saw).

2700 It was reported from Ribi’ bin Hirash, from ‘Ali bin Abi Talib who said: “Some slaves went to the Messenger of Allah (saw) on the Day of Al-Hudaibiyyah before the treaty, so their masters wrote to the Prophet (saw) and said: ‘O Muhammad! By Allah! They did not come to you hoping for your religion, but they have gone to you running away from slavery.’ So some people said: ‘They are saying the truth, O Messenger of Allah! Return them back to them.’ The Messenger of Allah (saw) got angry and said: ‘I do not see you people desisting O people of Quraish! Until Allah sends those over you who will strike your neck because of this’ and he refused to send them back, and he said: ‘They are emancipated (slaves) of Allah, the Mighty and Sublime.’” (Da’if)

2701 It was reported from Ibn ‘Umar, that during the time of the Messenger of Allah (saw), an army acquired some food and honey in spoils; the Khumus was not taken from it. (Sahih)

2702 It was reported from ‘Abdullah bin Mughaffal who said: “A skin-full of fat was thrown away on the day of Khaibar. I came to it and clung to it, and then said: ‘I will not give anyone anything from this today.’ When I turned around, I saw the Messenger of Allah (saw) smiling at me.” (Sahih)

2703 It was reported from Abu Labid who said: “We were with ‘Abdur-Rahman bin Samurah in Kabul. The people acquired spoils and began plundering through it. He stood up and addressed the people: ‘I heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) prohibit plundering.’ So they returned whatever they had taken, and he distributed it among them.” (Sahih)

2704 It was reported from Muhammad bin Abi Mujahid, from ‘Abdullah Ibn Abi Awfa, he (Ibn Abi Mujalid) said: “I said: ‘Were you people setting aside one-fifth of the spoils, meaning the food, during the time of the Messenger of Allah (saw)?’ He replied: ‘We got some food on the Day of Khaibar. A man would come and take the amount he needed from it, and go away.’” (Sahih)

2705 It was reported from ‘Asim, meaning Ibn Kulaib, from his father, from a man among the Ansar: “We went out on a journey with the Messenger of Allah (saw). The people endured extreme hardship and struggled. They acquired some spoils which they plundered. While our pots were boiling, the Messenger of Allah (saw) came with his bow touching the ground. He turned down our pots over with his bow, and started to smear the meat with dust, and then said: ‘Plundering is not more lawful than Maitah,’ or he said: ‘Maitah is not more lawful then plundering.’” The doubt is from Hannad (one of the narrators). (Sahih)

2706 It was reported from Al-Qasim, the freed slave of ‘Abdur-Rahman, from some of the Companions of the Prophet (saw), he said: “We would eat from the Jazr during an expedition, and would not divie it until we were ready to come back to our dwellings. Then we would fill our saddlebags with it.” (Da’if)

2707 It was reported from ‘Abdur-Rahman bin Ghanm, who said: “We were stationed in the frontiers of the city of Qinnasrin with Shurahbil bin As-Simt. When he conquered it, he acquired sheep and cows from it. He distributed a group of them among us, and placed the rest in the spoils. Then I met Mu’adh bin Jabal and told him about that. He said: ‘We fought along with the Messenger of Allah (saw) at Khaibar and we got sheep from it. The Messenger of Allah (saw) distributed a group of them among us and placed the rest of them in the spoils.’” (Hasan)

2708 It was reported from Ruwaifi’ bin Thabit Al-Ansari that the Prophet (saw) said: “Whoever believes in Allah and in the Last Day, then he does not ride any animal among the group of the Muslims, and when he emaciates it, he returns it back. And whoever believes in Allah and in the Last Day, then he does not wear any garment from among the group of the Muslims, and when he wears it out he puts it back.” (Hasan)

2709 It was reported from Abu ‘Ubaidah, from his father who said: “I was passing by when I saw Abu Jahl laying down, as his leg had been struck. I said: ‘O enemy of Allah! O Abu Jahl! Allah has disgraced the disgraced one.’ I was not afraid of him at that time. He said: ‘Is there a man better than one who has been killed by his own people?’ So I struck him with a blunt sword, but it was of no use. When his sword fell down, I struck him with it until he died.” (Da’if)

2710 It was reported from Zaid bin Khalid Al-Juhani that a man from the Companions of the Prophet (saw) died on the Day of Khaibar. They mentioned it to the Messenger of Allah (saw). He said: “Offer (funeral) prayers for Your companion.” When the faces of the people looked perplexed, he said: “Your companion misappropriated spoils in the cause of Allah,” so we looked in his belongings and found in it some pearls belonging to Jews, not worth even two Dirham. (Hasan)

2711 Abu Hurairah said: “We went out along with the Messenger of Allah (saw) in the Year of Khaibar. We did not acquire gold or silver in the spoils, but clothes, equipment and property. The Messenger of Allah (saw) went towards the valley of Al-Qura. The Messenger of Allah (saw) was presented a black slave called Mid’am. While they were in the valley of Al-Qura, and Mid’am was unsaddling the animal of the Messenger of Allah (saw), he was struck by an arrow which killed him. The people said: ‘Congratulations for him, he will go to Paradise.’ But the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘Not at all, by Him in whose Hand my soul is! The cloak which he had taken on the Day of Khaibar, which was not distributed among the spoils, will ablaze with fire upon him.’ When they heard this, a man came with one or two sandal straps to the Messenger of Allah (saw). The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘A sandal strap of fire,’ or he said: ‘Two sandal straps of the fire.’” (Sahih)

2712 It was reported from ‘Abdullah bin ‘Amr show said: “When the Messenger of Allah (saw) acquired some spoils of war, he would order Bilal to make a public announcement. So he announced to the people to bring back the spoils, and he took the Khumu and the rest was distributed. A man came after that with a camel halter of hair and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! This is part of what he had gained as spoils.’ He said: ‘Did you hear Bilal’s announcement?’ (He said this) Three times. He said: ‘Yes.’ He said: ‘What prevented you from bringing it (them)?’ He made some excuses. He said: ‘You may bring it on the Day of Judgment, for I shall not accept it from you.’” (Hasan)

2713 It was reported from Salih bin Muhammad bin Za’idah – Abu Dawud said: This Salih is Abu Waqid – who said: “I entered the territory of the Romans with Maslamah. A man who had committed Ghulul was brought to him. He asked Salim about him. He (Salim) said: ‘I heard my father narrating from ‘Umar bin Al-Khattab that the Prophet (saw) said: “If you find a man who committed Ghulul, then burn his goods and beat him.” He said: “We found a Mushaf (a copy of the Qur’an) among his belongings, so we asked Salim about it. He said: ‘Sell it and give its price in charity.’” (Da’if)

2714 It was reported from Salh bin Muhammad, who said: “We went on an expedition with Al-Walid bin Hisham, in the company of Salim bin ‘Abdullah bin ‘Umar and ‘Umar bin ‘Abdul-Aziz. A man (among us) committed Ghulul. Al-Walid ordered his goods to be burnt, and he was paraded around (the people) and his share of the spoils was not given to him.” (Da’if)

Abu Dawud said: This is the more correct of the two Ahadith. More than one (narrator) reported that Al-Walid bin Hisham burnt the camel-saddle of Ziyad bin Sa’d, and that he had committed Ghulul, and that he beat him.

2715 It was reported from Al-Walid bin Muslim (who said):  “Zuhair bin Muhammad narrated to us, from ‘Amr ibn Shu’aib, from his father, from his grandfather, that the Messenger of Allah (saw), Abu Bakr and ‘Umar burnt the goods of one

2716 It was reported from Samurah bin Jundab who said: “To proceed: ‘And the Messenger of Allah (saw) used to say:  Whoever harbors a person who committed Ghulul, then he is like him.’”* (Da’if)

*See no. 456, and 2787.

2717 It was reported from Abu Qatadah that he said: “We went on an expedition with the Messenger of Allah (saw) in the Year of Hunain. When the two armies met, the Muslims retreated. I saw a man from the idolaters overcoming a man from the Muslims. I went around until I came to him from behind, and struck him with the sword on the vein between his neck and shoulder. He came towards me so firmly that I smelt death. Then death overtook him, and he let me go. I caught up to ‘Umar bin Al-Khattab and said to him: ‘What happened to the people?’ He replied: ‘It is what Allah has decreed.’ Then later on the people came back, and the Messenger of Allah (saw) sat down and said: ‘Anyone who has killed a man and can prove it, he will have his spoils (Salab).’* I stood up and said: ‘Who will bear witness for me?’ Then I sat down. He (the Prophet (saw)) said it again: ‘Anyone who has killed a man and can prove it, he will have his spoils (Salab).’ I stood up and said: ‘Who will bear witness for me?’ Then I sat down. He (the Prophet (saw)) said it for the third time. I stood up, so the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘What is the matter with you O Abu Qatadah!?’ So I related to him the whole story. A man from among the people said: ‘He is telling the truth O Messenger of Allah! And the spoils (Salab) of that dead person are with me. Make him an offer so he will accept that.’ Abu Bakr As-Siddiq said: ‘No, by Allah! What you said will not be done. A lion from among the lions of Allah who fights for the sake of Allah and His Messenger, and you want him to give you his spoils (Salab)?’ The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘He has said the truth. Hand it over to him.’” Abu Qatadah said: “He gave it to me. I sold the coat of mail, and bought a farm with (the proceeds) among Banu Salamah. It was the first wealth I acquired in Islam.” (Sahih)

*Salab refers to the goods that were with an enemy that one has killed. Some of these goods will be awarded to the one that fought and killed him, and they will not be considered Ghanimah or war spoils, divided among the troops. Scholars differ over the conditions for awarding Salab, as well as the items included in that.

2718 It was reported from Anas bin Malik, who said: “On that day” meaning on the Day of Hunain” the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘Anyone who kills a disbeliever, he shall have his spoils (Salab).’

On that day, Abu Talhah killed twenty men and took their spoils. Abu Talhah met Umm Sulaim who had a dagger with her. He said: ‘O Umm Sulaim! What is this with you?’ She said: ‘By Allah! I intended, that if anyone of them got near me, to pierce their stomach with it.’ Abu Talhah told this to the Messenger of Allah (saw). (Sahih)

Abu Dawud said: This Hadith is Hasan.

Abu Dawud said: We meant by this the dagger, because the weapon of the non-Arabs at that time was the dagger.

2719 ‘Awf bin Malik Al-Ashja’i said: “I went with Zaid bin Harithah in the battle of Mu’tah. I was accompanied by a man from Yemen who was part of the reinforcements, and he only had a sword with him. A Muslim man slaughtered a camel. The man from the reinforcements asked him for some piece of its skin, so he gave it to him. He made it in the shape of a shield. We proceeded until we met the Roman army. Among them was a man on a Reddish horse, with a golden saddle, who started fiercely attacking and killing the Muslims. The man from the reinforcements sat behind a rock lying in wait to attack him. When the Roman passed by him, he hamstrung his horse and it fell down. He overpowered him and killed him, and he took his horse and weapons. When Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, granted victory to the Muslims, Khalid bin Al-Walid sent for him, and took his spoils (Salab).” ‘Awf said: “I went to Khalid and said to him: ‘O Khalid! Do you not know that the Messenger of Allah (saw) has decreed the spoils (Salab) be given to the one who kills?’ He said: ‘Yes, indeed, but I thought it was too much for him.’ I said: ‘You should give it back to him, or else I will inform the Messenger of Allah (saw) about it.’ He refused to give it back to him. When we gathered with the Messenger of Allah (saw), I told him the story of the man from the reinforcements, and what Khalid did. The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘O Khalid! What made you do that?’ He said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! I thought it was too much for him.’ The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘O Khalid! Return to him what you took from him.’” ‘Awf said: “I said to him: ‘Take it O Khalid! Did I not deliver what I promised you.’ The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘And what is that?’ I then informed him. The Messenger of Allah (saw) got angry, and said: ‘O Khalid! Do not return it back to him. Are you people not going to leave my commandments alone. You people take the best for yourself and leave him with the worst.’” (Sahih)

2720 (Another chain) from ‘Awf bin Malik Al-Ashja’i, similarly.

2721 It was reported from ‘Awf bin Malik Al-Ashja’i and Khalid bin Al-Walid, that the Messenger of Allah (saw) ordered the spoils (Salab) to be given to the one who kills, and that it not be subjected the Khumus. (Hasan)

2722 It was reported from ‘Abdullah bin Mas’ud who said: “On the Day of Badr, the Messenger of Allah (saw) granted me Abu Jahl’s sword” as he (‘Abdullah) had killed him. (Da’if)

2723 It was reported from Az-Zuhri that ‘Anbasah bin Sa’eed informed him, that he heard Abu Hurairah narrating to Sa’eed bin Al-‘As, that the Messenger of Allah (saw) sent Aban bin Sa’eed bin Al-‘As* in an expedition from Al-Madinah towards Najd. Aban bin Sa’eed and his companions came to the Messenger of Allah (saw) at Khaibar after it was conquered. The girths of their horses were made of palm-leaf fibres. Aban said: ‘Give us a share (from the spoils) O Messenger of Allah!’” Abu Hurairah said: “Do not give them a share O Messenger of Allah!’ Aban said: ‘This is what you say, O you Wabir!** You have come to us from the peak of Dal!’*** The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘Sit down O Aban!’ The Messenger of Allah (saw) did not give them any share.” (Sahih)

*This Aban is actually the uncle of the Sa’eed bin Al-‘As whom Abu Hurairah narrated it to.

**A Wabr is a small rare hairy animal whose latin name is hyrax, while it is not classified as such, it resembles a rodent, similar to a guinea pig, or a rabbit.

***Some narrations of this Hadith have the word Ad-Dal and some have it Ad-Da’n. They differ over its meaning, it is either the name of a location or a mountain where Abu Hurairah’s tribe is from, as some say, or it is an insult relating to the rustling of leaves of a lote-tree.

2724 It was reported from Az-Zuhri that he heard ‘Anbasah bin Sa’eed Al-Qurashi narrating from Abu Hurairah, who said: “I came to Al-Madinah when the Messenger of Allah (saw) was in Khaibar, after he had conquered it. I asked him to give me a share from the spoils. A son of Sa’eed bin Al-‘As spoke and said: ‘Do not give him a share O Messenger of Allah!’ I said: ‘This is the murderer of Ibn Qawqal.’ Sa’eed bin Al-‘As said: ‘Wonderful O Wabr, you have come down to us from the peak of Dal, blaming me for killing a Muslim man whom Allah, the Exalted, honored with (martyrdom) at my hands, and did not disgrace me by his hands.’” (Sahih)

(Abu Dawud said: They were about ten persons, six of them were killed and the rest of them came back).

2725 It was reported from Abu Musa, who said: “We arrived just at the time when the Messenger of Allah (saw) had captured Khaibar. He gave us a share,” or he said: “he gave us something from it, and he did not allot anybody any share if he was not present at the time of the capture of Khaibar, giving only to those who were present with him. Except those who were in our ship; Ja’far and his companions, to whom he gave a share from the spoils.” (Sahih)

2726 It was reported from Ibn ‘Umar who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) stood up” – meaning on the Day of Badr – and said: ‘Indeed ‘Uthman has gone off for a matter for Allah and His Messenger, and I am giving the pledge of allegiance on his behalf.’ The Messenger of Allah (saw) allotted him a share of the spoils and he did not allot any to anyone else who was absent.” (Hasan)

2727 It was reported from Yazid bin Hurmuz who said: “Najdah wrote to Ibn ‘Abbas asking about such and such, and he mentioned some matters. He also asked about the slave; if they are entitled to any share of the spoils and also about the women; whether they used to go out (for battle) with the Messenger of Allah (saw)? And are they, too, entitled to any share of the spoils? Ibn ‘Abbas said: ‘Had I not sensed indiscretion from him I would not have written to him. As for the slave he was given some of the spoils (as a reward), and as for the women they used to treat the wounded and supply water.’” (Sahih)

2728 Yazid bin Hurmuz said: “Najdah Al-Haruri wrote to Ibn ‘Abbas asking about whether women used to participate in battles with the Messenger of Allah (saw), and whether he used to allot them a share of the spoils.” He (Yazid) said: “I wrote a letter (of reply) on behalf of Ibn ‘Abbas to Najdah: ‘They used to participate in the battles with the Messenger of Allah (saw), but no specified portion was given to them. They were given only a small gift.’” (Sahih)

2729 It was reported from Hashraj bin Ziyad, from his grandmother – his father’s mother – that she went out along with the Messenger of Allah (saw) for the Battle of Khaibar. She was one of the six women. (She said): “When the Messenger of Allah (saw) found out about it he sent for us, so we came to him and saw him angry. He said: ‘Whom did you come out with, and with those permission did you come out?’ We said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! We came out to spin the hair* and support with it in the cause of Allah, we have remedies for the injured ones, we hand over arrows and supply Sawiq to drink.’ He said: ‘Then continue.’ When Allah granted him victory over Khaibar he gave us a share from the spoils as he gave to the men.” He (Hashraj) said: “I said to her: ‘O grandmother! And what was that?’ She replied: ‘Dates.’” (Da’if)

*Meaning, to make yarn and the like.

2730 It was reported from Muhammad bin Zaid who said: “‘Umair, the freed slave of Abi Al-Lahm narrated to me: ‘I participated in the Battle of Khaibar with my masters who spoke to the Messenger of Allah (saw) regarding me. He ordered (me) to don the sword which I was dragging. He was then informed that I was a slave. He therefore ordered some inferior goods be given to me.’” (Sahih)

Abu Dawud said: It means that he was not given any specified portion. Abu Dawud said: Abu ‘Ubaid said: He had declared meat unlawful for himself, him that is why he was called Abi Al-Lahm.*

*Meaning: “Refuser of meat.”

2731 It was reported from Jabir who said: “I was supplying water to my companions on the Day of Badr.” (Da’if)

2732 It was reported from ‘Urwah that ‘Aishah said: - Yahya (one of the narrator) said: - “A man from the idolaters accompanied the Prophet (saw) to fight along with him. He said: ‘Go back.’” – Then both of them were in accord:* “We do not seek support from an idolater.” (Sahih)

*That is both Yahya bin Ma’in and Musad-dad, from whom Abu Dawud heard it.

2733 It was reported from Ibn ‘Umar who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) allotted three shares for the man and his horse: one share for him, and two shares for his horse.” (Sahih)

2734 It was reported from Al-Mas’udi (who said): “Abu ‘Amrah narrated to me from his father who said: “We came to the Messenger of Allah (saw) as a group of four, and we had a horse. He allotted each one of us a share, and allotted two shares for the horse.” (Da’if)

2735 (Another chain) from Al-Mas’udi, from a man from the family of Abu ‘Amrah, from Abu ‘Amrah, with its meaning, except that he said: “As a group of three,” and added: “The horseman got three portions.” (Da’if)

2736 It was reported from ‘Abdur-Rahman bin Yazid Al-Ansari, from his paternal uncle, Mujammi’ bin Jariyah Al-Ansari – he was one of the Qur’an reciters – who said: “We were present with the Messenger of Allah (saw) at Al-Hudaibiyyah. When we started returning to Al-Madinah people were driving their camels quickly. Some people said to others: ‘What is the matter with the people?’ They said: ‘Revelation has come down to the Prophet (saw).’ So we went out with the people hastily, and we saw the Prophet (saw) standing on his mount at Kura’ Al-Ghaim. When the people gathered around him, he recited: Verily, We have given you a manifest victory. [48:1] A man said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! Is it really a victory?’ He said: ‘Yes, by Him in whose Hand Muhammad’s soul is! Indeed it is a victory.’ Later on the spoils of Khaibar were distributed among those who had been at Al-Hudaibiyyah. The Messenger of Allah (saw) divided it into eighteen shares. The army consisted of one-thousand and five hundred, of which, three hundred were cavalry. He gave two shares to a horsemen and one share to a foot soldier.” (Hasan)

Abu Dawud said: The Hadith of Abu Mu’awiyah* is more correct and it is the one that is acted upon. I think there is an error in the Hadith of Mujammi’, as he said: “Three hundred horsemen,” while they were only two hundred.

*That is, no. 2733.

2737 It was reported from Khalid, from Dawud, from ‘Ikrimah, from Ibn ‘Abbas who said: “On the Day of Badr, the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘A person who does this and that, will have a bonus of this and that.’ So youth went ahead of the elders remained where the flag was, and they did not leave it. When Allah granted them victory, the elders said: ‘We were reinforcements for you people. If you were defeated you would have retreated to us, so do not take away all the spoils and leave us behind with nothing.’ The youth refused, and said: ‘The Messenger of Allah (saw) has given it to us.’ So Allah, the Exalted, revealed: They ask you about the spoils of war. Say: “The spoils are for Allah and the Messenger...” up to His saying: “...As your Lord caused you to go out from your home with the truth; and verily, a part among the believers disliked it...” [8:1-5] He (Ibn ‘Abbas) said: “(Meaning:) So that was better for them. – And similarly (it means) so you should obey Me, as I know the consequences of this better than you.” (Sahih)

2738 It was reported from Hushaim (who said): “Dawud bin Abi Hind narrated to us, from ‘Ikrimah, from Ibn ‘Abbas who said: ‘On the Day of Badr, the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Anyone who kills a man will have this and that, and anyone who captures a man will have this and that.” Then he (the narrator) cited similarly, and the (previous) Hadith of Khalid is more complete. (Sahih)

2739 It was reported from Yahya bin Zakariyya bin Abi Za’idah, he said: “Dawud narrated to us...” this Hadith, with his chain; he said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) divided it equally.” And the Hadith of Khalid (no. 2737) is more complete. (Sahih)

2740 It was reported from Mus’ab bin Sa’d, from his father: “I came to the Messenger of Allah (saw) on the Day of Badr with a sword and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! Indeed Allah has healed my breast from the enemy today, so grant me this sword.’ He said: ‘This sword is neither mine, nor yours.’ So I went away saying: ‘Today this sword will be given to somebody who has not been put to trial like me.’ Meanwhile a messenger came to me, and said: ‘Respond (to the call).’ I thought something had been revealed about me because of my speech. When I came, the Prophet (saw) said to me: ‘You asked me for this sword. It is neither mine nor yours. Now Allah has given it to me, hence it is yours.’ Then he recited: They ask you about the spoils of war. Say: “The spoils are for Allah and the Messenger...” until the end of the Verse.” [8:1] (Sahih)

Abu Dawud said: Ibn Mas’ud would recite it: “Yasa ‘lunakan-nafla (They ask you for a gift.)”

2741 It was reported from Shu’aib bin Abi Hamzah, from Nafi’, from Ibn ‘Umar who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) sent us with an army towards Najd, (and he sent) a detachment from it (towards the enemy). The share for the whole army was twelve camels per person, and he gave the detachment a Nafl of one additional camel each. Thus their share was thirteen camels each. (Sahih)

2742 Al-Walid bin ‘Utbah Ad-Dimashqi narrated to us, he said: “Al-Walid, meaning Ibn Muslim, said: ‘I narrated this Hadith* to Ibn Al-Mubarak. I said: “And similarly Ibn Abi Farwah narrated it to us from Nafi’.” He (Ibn Al-Mubarak) said: “Those whom you mentioned are not equal to Malik,” or something similar to that.’” Meaning Malik bin Anas.** (Sahih)

*Meaning, the narration of Shu’aib.

**Meaning, Malik’s version (which follows in no. 2744) is more correct in his view, than that of Shu’aib and Ibn Abi Farwah, and Al-Walid bin Muslim is one of those that narrated no. 2741 from Shu’aib.

2743 It was reported from Muhammad, meaning Ibn Ishaq, from Nafi’, from Ibn ‘Umar who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) sent a detachment towards Najd, and I went along with them. We acquired a lot of camels. Our commander rewarded us with a Nafl of one camel for each person. Then when we arrived, the Messenger of Allah (saw) divided our spoils among us. Each one of us got twelve camels, after the Khumus was taken out. The Messenger of Allah (saw) did not take any account regarding what our commander had given us, neither did he blame him for what he had done. Thus, each one of us got thirteen camels, along with his Nafl.” (Sahih)

2744 (Malik and Laith) reported from Nafi’, from ‘Abdullah bin ‘Umar, that the Messenger of Allah (saw) sent a detachment towards Najd with ‘Abdullah bin ‘Umar in it. They acquired a large number of camels in the spoils. Every one of them got twelve camels as their share, and they were each rewarded a Nafl of one additional camel.

Ibn Mawhab (who narrated it from Al-Laith) said in his version: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) did not change that.” (Sahih)

2745 It was reported from ‘Ubaidullah (who said): “Nafi’ narrated to me, from ‘Abdullah, who said: ‘The Messenger of Allah (saw) sent us in a detachment towards Najd. Our share of the spoils was twelve camels each, and the Messenger of Allah (saw) rewarded us with a Nafl of one additional camel each.’” (Sahih)

Abu Dawud said: Burd bin Sinan reported it from Nafi’, similar to the narration of ‘Ubaidullah, and Ayyub reported it from Nafi’, similarly, except that he said: “And we were rewarded a Nafl of one camel each” without mentioning the Prophet (saw).

2746 It was reported from Al-Laith from ‘Aqil, from Ibn Shihab, from Salim, from ‘Abdullah bin ‘Umar, that the Messenger of Allah (saw) used to give a specific Nafl to some of the detachments which he sent out, other than the general share of the whole army. And the Khumus was required from all of that. (Sahih)

2747 It was reported from Abu ‘Abdur-Rahman Al-Hubuli, from ‘Abdullah bin ‘Amr, that the Messenger of Allah (saw) went out on the Day of Badr with three hundred and fifteen (men). The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “O Allah they are on foot, provide them with mounts, O Allah they are naked, clothe them, O Allah they are hungry, provide food for them.” Allah then granted them victory on the Day of Badr. When they returned back, there was no man among them but he returned with a camel or two, was clothed, and had eaten his fill. (Hasan)

2748 It was reported from Habib bin Maslamah Al-Fihri that the Messenger of Allah (saw) would grant a Nafl of a third after deducting the Khumus. (Sahih)

2749 (Another chain) from Habib bin Maslamah that the Messenger of Allah (saw) used to grant a Nafl of a fourth after deducting the Khumus, and a third after deducting the Khumus of the spoils when he returned. (Sahih)

2750 It was reported that Makhul said: “I was a slave in Egypt belonging to a woman from Banu Hudhail. She freed me, but I did not leave Egypt, while there was knowledge in it, without (first) attaining it, as far as I could. Then I went to Al-Hijaz, and I did not leave it while there was knowledge in it without attaining it, as far as I could. Then I went to Al-‘Iraq, and I did not leave it while there was knowledge in it without attaining it, as far as I could. Then I came to Ash-Sham, and I sifted through it. (In all of those places) I asked everyone about the Nafl. I did not find anybody who could tell me anything about it, until I found as old man by the name of Ziyad bin Jariyah At-Tamimi. I said to him: ‘Did you hear anything about the Nafl?’ He said: ‘Yes, I heard Habib bin Maslamah Al-Fihri saying: “I witnessed the Prophet (saw) giving a fourth in Nafl at the outset, and one third upon the return (from the journey).” (Hasan)

2751 It was reported from ‘Amr bin Shu’aib, from his father, from his grandfather who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘All the Muslims are equal in respect of blood. The protection given even by the least among them is to be honored, and reaches to the furthest of them. They should be united as one over their enemies. Those who have fleet-footed mounts should share their spoils with those who have slow mounts and those who go in a detachment should share the spoils with those who were stationed (as reinforcement). A believer is not killed (in retaliation) for a disbeliever, nor a one who has a covenant during the covenant.’”

Ibn Ishaq (one of the narrators) did not mention retaliation and equality in respect of blood. (Hasan)

2752 It was reported from Iyas bin Salamah, from his father: “ ‘Abdur-Rahman bin ‘Uyainah raided the camels of the Messenger of Allah (saw), killed their herdsman and drove them away with some people who were with him on their horses. I turned my face towards Al-Madinah and shouted three times: ‘A morning raid!’ Then I started to chase them, while shooting them with arrows and hamstringing their animals. Whenever a horseman returned towards me, i sat at the foot of a tree, until there was no mounting animals created by Allah for the Prophet (saw) but I kept it behind my back (i.e., I got them all back). They (the enemies) threw away more than thirty lances and thirty cloaks to lighten their load. Then reinforcements from ‘Uyainah came for them. They said: ‘A few of you should go to him.’ Four of them stood and came towards me, and they climbed the mountain. When I could make them hear me, I said: ‘Do you people know me?’ They said: ‘And who are you?’ I said: ‘I am son of Al-Akwa’! By Him Who blessed the face of Muhammad! Any one of you who seek me, will not be able to get me, and whomever I seek, he will not get away.’ While I was still there, I saw the horsemen of the Messenger of Allah (saw) coming through the trees. The first of them was Al-Akhram Al-Asadi. He caught up with ‘Abdur-Rahman bin ‘Uyainah and ‘Abdur-Rahman turned towards him. They attacked each other with lances. Al-Akhram hamstrung the horse of ‘Abdur-Rahman and ‘Abdur-Rahman pierced a lance into his body and killed him. Then ‘Abdur-Rahman turned to the horse of Al-Akhram. Abu Qatadah caught up with ‘Abdur-Rahman and they attacked each other with their lances. He hamstrung the horse of Abu Qatadah and Abu Qatadah killed him. Then Abu Qatadah turned toward the horse of Al-Akhram. I came to the Messenger of Allah (saw), who was at the same place of water from where I drove them away, called Dhu Qard. Allah’s Prophet (saw) was among five hundred men. He gave me the share of a horseman and a footman.” (Sahih)

2753 Abu Al-Juwairiyah Al-Jarmi said: “I found a red container containing Dinars in the territory of the Romans during the leadership of Mu’awiyah. Our commander was a man from the Companions of the Prophet (saw) from Banu Sulaim named Ma’as bin Yazid. I brought it to him, and he distributed it among the Muslims (those who were in the battle) and gave me the same portion as he had given to each of them. Then he said: ‘if I had not heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) saying: “There is no Nafl except after the Khumus” – I would have given it to you. He then presented his own share to me but I refused. (Sahih)

2754 (Another chain) with its meaning. (Sahih)

2755 It was reported from ‘Amr bin ‘Abasah who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) led us in a prayer facing towards a camel belonging to the spoils. After he said the Taslim, he took hold of some of the hair on the side of the camel and said: “The likes of this, from your spoils, is not lawful for me, except for the Khumus, and the Khumus is returned back to you.’”* (Sahih)

*Similar preceded in a different narration (no. 2694) with the word Fai’ instead of “your spoils” (Ghana’imikum) as it is here.

2756 It was reported from Ibn ‘Umar that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Indeed the treacherous person will have a banner planted for him on the Day of Judgement, and it will then be announced: ‘This is treachery of so-and-so, son of so-and-so.’” (Sahih)

2757 It was reported from Abu Hurairah that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “The Imam is only a shield that is fought for.” (Hasan)

2758 It was reported from Bukair bin Al-Ashajj, from Al-Hasan bin ‘Ali bin Abi Rafi’, that Abi Rafi’ informed him, he said: “The Quraish sent me to the Messenger of Allah (saw). So when I saw the Messenger of Allah (saw), Islam radiated in my heart, so I said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! By Allah! I will not go back to them ever.’ The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘I do not break a covenant, nor imprison a messenger, return back. If you still feel in yourself then what you feel now, then you can return.’” He said: ‘So I went, and then came back to the Prophet (saw) and accepted Islam.” (Sahih)

Bukair said: “And he informed me that Abu Rafi’ was a Coptic.”

Abu Dawud said: That was during that time, but today there is no benefit in it.

2759 It was reported from Shu’bah, from Abu Al-Fad, from Sulaim bin ‘Amir – a man from Himyar – who said: “There was a covenant between Mu’awiyah and the Romans. He started to proceed toward their country, so that when the covenant came to an end, he would attack them. A man came on a horse, or a Turkish horse. Saying: ‘Allahu Akbaru, Allahu Akbar. Fulfill (the covenant) and do not be treacherous.’ When they looked towards him, they saw he was ‘Amr bin ‘Abasah. Mu’awiyah sent for him and questioned him. He said: ‘I heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) saying: “Anyone who has a covenant with people, he is not to strengthen it nor loosen it, until the covenant expired, or both parties bring it to an end.” So Mu’awiyah returned. (Sahih)

2760 It was reported from Abu Bakrah who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘Anyone who kills a person to whom a covenant was granted prior to its expiration, Allah will forbid him from entering Paradise.’” (Sahih)

2761 It was reported from Salamah, meaning Ibn Al-Fadl, from Muhammad bin Ishaq, who said: “Musailimah wrote to Allah’s Messenger (saw).” He said: “And Muhammad bin Ishaq narrated to me, from a Shaikh, from Ashja’ named Sa’d bin Tariq, from Salamah bin Nu’aim bin Mas’ud Al-Ashja’i, from his father, Nu’aim, who said: ‘I heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) say to the two of them (the messengers) after he was read the letter from Musailimah: “What do you believe (in)?” They said: “We believe as he believes.” He said: “By Allah! If it wasn’t that the messengers are not to be killed, I would have cut off their heads.” (Hasan)

2762 It was reported from Marithah bin Mudarrib that he came to ‘Abdullah, and said: “There is no hatred between myself and any of the Arabs. I passed by a Masjid of Banu Hanifah, and found in them believing in Musailimah (as a Prophet).” ‘Abdullah sent for them. They were brought to him. He advised them to repent, which they did, except for Ibn An-Nawwahah. He said to him: “I heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) say: ‘If it wasn’t that you are a messenger I would have cut off your neck’ and you are not a messenger today. He ordered Qarazah bin Ka’b to cut off his head at the market. Then he said: ‘Whoever wants to see Ibn An-Nawwahah, (he can go and see him) killed in the market.’” (Da’if)

2763 Ibn ‘Abbas said: “Umm Hani’, daughter of Abu Talib narrated to me, that she granted protection to a man from among the idolaters on the Day of the Conquest (of Makkah). She came to the Messenger of Allah (saw) and told him about it. He said: ‘We have given protection and security to those whom you have given it.’” (Hasan)

2764 It was reported from ‘Aishah, who said: “A woman from the believers would give protection and it was allowed.” (Da’if)

2765 Al-Miswar bin Makhramah said: The Messenger of Allah (saw) went out during the Year of Al-Hudaibiyyah with more than ten hundred of his Companions. When they arrived at Dhul-Hulaifah, he garlanded and marked the sacrificial animals and entered Ihram for ‘Umrah.” He (the narrator) then cited the Hadith. “The Prophet (saw) continued on his journey until he arrived to the mountain pass from where one descends them (in Makkah), where his mount knelt down. People said: ‘Go on, go on! Al-Qaswa has become obstinate!’ – twice – the Prophet (saw) said: ‘She has not become obstinate, and it is not her character, but she has been restrained by the One who restrained the elephant.’ Then he said: ‘By Him in whose Hand is my soul! Anything they ask me today, by which they honor what Allah has made sacred, I would grant it to them.’ Then he rebuked her and she leapt up. He turned aside from them until he came to the farthest side of Al-Hudaibiyyah to a pool with little bit of water. Budail bin Warqa’ Al-Khuza’i came to him, and then ‘Urwah bin Mas’ud joined him. He started to speak to the Prophet (saw). Whenever he spoke a word to him, he took hold of his beard while Al-Mughirah bin Shu’bah was standing guard for the Prophet (saw) with a sword, wearing a helmet. He hit his (‘Urwah’s) hand with the lower end of his sheath and said: ‘Take your hands off of his beard.’ ‘Urwah raised his head and said: ‘Who is this?’ They replied: ‘Al-Mughirah bin Shu’bah.’ He said: ‘O treacherous one! Did I not endeavour to distinguish the evil of your treachery?’ – During Jahiliyyah Al-Mughirah accompanied some people, murdered them, took their wealth and then he came and accepted Islam. The Prophet (saw) said: ‘As for your Islam we have accepted it, but in regard to the property, it is wealth of treachery, we have no need of it.’” He mentioned the Hadith. – “So the Prophet (saw) said: ‘Write down: This is what Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah has decided.’” – And he mentioned the story. – “Then Suhail said: ‘If any man from among us comes to you, even if he follows your religion, you should return him back to us.’ When the document was concluded the Prophet (saw) said to his Companions: ‘Get up, sacrifice and then shave (your beards).’ Thereafter, some believing women came emigrating, (he mentioned the) Verse. [60:12] So Allah forbade sending them back, and he ordered the dowry to be returned to their husbands. Then he returned back to Al-Madinah. Abu Basir – a man from the Quraish (who was a Muslim) – came to him. They (the Quraish) sent (two men) looking for him. He handed him to the two men. They took him away, and when they reached Dhul-Hulaifah they dismounted to eat from the dates they had. Abu Basir said to one of the two men: ‘By Allah! What an excellent sword you have!’ The other men drew the sword and said: ‘Yes I have tried it.’ Abu Basir said: ‘Let me see it.’ He gave it to him, and he struck him with it until he died. The other man fled away until he entered Al-Madinah, and entered the Masjid running. The Prophet (saw) said: ‘He has seen something frightening.’ He said: ‘By Allah! My companion has been killed and I am very close to being killed.’ Then Abu Basir arrived, and said: ‘Allah has fulfilled your covenant. You returned me back to them, but Allah saved me from them.’ The Prophet (saw) said: ‘Woe to his mother, inciter of war, if he has kinsfolk.’ When he heard this, he knew that he would send him back to them (again). So he left, until he arrived at the seashore, meanwhile Abu Jandal also escaped and joined Abu Basir, until a band of them gathered.’” (Sahih)

2766 Al-Miswar bin Makhramah and Marwan bin Al-Hakam said: “They made a treaty to forsake war for ten years, during which the people would have security, and that we should be sincere to the stipulations of the covenant and should not steal or commit treachery.” (Hasan)

2767 Hassan bin ‘Atiyyah said: “Makhul and Ibn Abi Zakariyya went to Khalid bin Ma’dan, and I went along with them. He narrated to us from Jubair bin Nufair, he said: “Jubair said: ‘Lets go to Dhu Mikhbar’ – a man from the Companions of the Prophet (saw). ‘We came to him and Jubair asked him about the peace treaty. He said: ‘I heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) saying: “you people will make a peace treaty with the Romans, and then you and they will fight an enemy behind you.” (Sahih)

2768 It was reported from Jabir who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘Who will kill Ka’b bin Al-Ashra, for he has insulted Allah and His Messenger.’ Muhammad bin Maslamah stood up and said: ‘I will, O Messenger of Allah! Would you like me to kill him?’ He said: ‘Yes.’ He said: ‘Will you permit me to say something (against you)?’ He said: Yes, say it.’ He then came to him (Ka’b) and said: ‘This man (Muhammad (saw)) has asked us to give charity and has put us through difficulties. He (Ka’b) said: ‘And he is going to cause more grief for you.’ He (Muhammad bin Maslamah) said: ‘As we have already followed him, we do not like to desert him as yet, until we see where his matter ends up. We wish if you could lend us a Wasq or two.’ Ka’b said: ‘What would you leave me as collateral?’ He said: ‘What do you want from us?’ He (Ka’b) said: ‘Your women.’ They said: ‘Subhan Allah! You are the most beautiful of the Arabs. If we leave our women as collateral with you, it will be a disgrace for us.’ He said: ‘So leave your children as collateral with me.’ They said: ‘Subhan Allah! Our children may be abused. It might be said: “You were collateral for a Wasq or two.’” They said: ‘We will leave our armour’” – they meant by these weapons. “He said: ‘Yes.’ When he came, and called him, he came outside to meet him. He had applied perfume, and it was spreading fragrance from his head. When he (Ka’b) sat beside him’ – he had come with three or four persons with him – they said something to him about his perfume. He said: ‘I have such and such woman with me. She is the most fragrant of the women among the people.’ He (Muhammad bin Maslamah) said: ‘Would you give me permission to smell it?’ He said: ‘Yes.’ He (Muhammad bin Maslamah) then entered, put his hand in his hair and smelled it. He said: ‘Can I do it again?’ He said: ‘Yes.’ He put his hand in his hair. When he got ahold of him, he said: ‘Take him.’ They struck him until they killed him.” (Sahih)

2769 It was reported from Abu Hurairah, from the Prophet (saw), who said: “Faith has prevented treacherous assassination. A believer does not commit treacherous assassination.” (Hasan)

2770 It was reported from Nafi’, from ‘Abdullah bin ‘Umar who said: ‘Whenever the Messenger of Allah (saw) would return from a battle, or Hajj, or ‘Umrah he would say ‘Allahu Akbar’ on every high ground. And he would say: ‘La ilaha illallah, wahdahu la sharika lahu, lahul-mulku wa lahul-hamdu, wa huwa ‘ala kulli shai’in qadir. A’ibuna ta’ibuna ‘abiduna sajiduna lirabbina hamidun. Sadaqallahu wa’adahu, wa nasara ‘abdahu, wa hazamal-ahzaba wahdah (None has the right to be worshipped but Allah Alone, without partner, to Whom belongs the dominion, to Whom all praise is due, and He has power over all things. We are returning; repenting, worshipping, prostrating and praising our Lord. Allah has kept His promise, supported His servant, and defeated the confederate alone).’*

*See also no. 2599.

2771 It was reported from Ibn ‘Abbas, who said: “The Verse those who believe in Allah and the Last Day would not ask your leave...’ [9:44] was abrogated by the Verse in (Surah) An-Nur: ‘The believers are only those, who believe in Allah and His Messenger...’ up to His saying: ‘Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful.’” [24:62] (Hasan)

2772 It was reported from Jarir who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said to me: ‘Will you not relieve me of Dhul-Khalasah?’” So he went to it, and burnt it down, then he sent a man from Ahmas whose Kunyah was Abu Artah to the Prophet (saw) to give him the good news. (Sahih)

2773 ‘Abdullah bin Ka’b said: “I heard Ka’b bin Malik saying: ‘Whenever the Prophet (saw) arrived from a journey he would start with the Masjid; he would pray two Rak’ahs, and then sit to receive people.’” (The narrator) Ibn As-Sarh then narrated the rest of the Hadith. – “The Messenger of Allah (saw) forbade the Muslims from talking to the three of us. After substantial time elapsed I ascended the wall of Abu Qatadah – who was my paternal cousin, and have him Salam. By Allah! He did not return my Salam. When I performed Subh prayer on the morning of the fiftieth night on the roof of one of our houses, I heard a caller saying: ‘O Ka’b bin Malik! Receive good news!’ When the man whose voice I heard with the good news came to me, I took off my garments and clothed him with them, then I went on until I entered the Masjid and saw the Messenger of Allah (saw) sitting. Talhah bin ‘Ubaidullah stood up and came hastily towards me, shook my hands and congratulated me.” (Sahih)

2774 It was reported from Abu Bakrah who said: “Whenever any good news or a glad tiding was told to the Prophet (saw), he would prostrate, in gratitude to Allah.” (Hasan)

2775 It was reported from ‘Amir bin Sa’d from his father, who said: “We went out with the Messenger of Allah (saw) from Makkah headed for Al-Madinah. When we arrived near ‘Azwara, he dismounted, then raised his hands supplicating to Allah for a time, and then he prostrated and stayed like that for a long time. Then he stood up, and raised his hands and supplicated to Allah, the Exalted, for a time, and then he prostrated and stayed like that for a long time. Then he stood up and raised his hands for a time, then prostrated” – Ahmad (one of the narrators) mentioned it three times. “He then said: ‘I asked my Lord and interceded for my people, and He gave me a third of my people, so I prostrated out of gratitude to My Lord. Then I raised my head and asked my Lord for my people, and He gave me one third of my people, so I prostrated out of gratitude to my Lord. Then I raised my head and asked my Lord for my people, and He gave me the last third of my people, so I prostrated out of gratitude to My Lord.’” (Da’if)

Abu Dawud said: Ash’ath bin Ishaq omitted Ahmad bin Salih when he narrated it to us. Musa bin Sahl Ar-Ramli narrated it to us from him.

2776 It was reported from Muharib bin Dithar, from Jabir bin ‘Abdullah who said: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) disliked that a man (on journey) return back to his family at night.” (Sahih)

2777 It was reported from Mughirah, from Ash-Sha’bi, from Jabir, from the Prophet (saw), that he said: “The best time for a man to go to his family when arriving from a journey is at the beginning of the night.” (Sahih)

2778 It was reported from Sayyar, from Ash-Sha’bi, from Jabir bin ‘Abdullah, who said: “We were with the Messenger of Allah (saw) on a (return) journey. When we were about to go to our family, he said: ‘Delay it until we enter during the night, so that he disheveled woman can comb, and the woman whose husband has been away can clean herself.’” (Sahih)

Abu Dawud said: Az-Zuhri said: “At-Tarq means arriving after ‘Isha’.”

Abu Dawud said: And there is no harm if it is after Maghrib.

2779 It was reported from As-Sa’ib bin Yazid, who said: “When the Prophet (saw) arrived in Al-Madinah from the Battle of Tabuk, the people went to receive him, so I went along with the children to meet him at Thaniyah Al-Wada’.” (Sahih)

2780 It was reported from Anas bin Malik who said: “A young man from Aslam said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! I want to go out on an expedition, and I do not have any wealth to equip myself. He said: ‘Go to so-and-so Al-Ansari, for he had equipped himself, but he fell ill. Tell him: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) is conveying his Salam to you,” and tell him: “Give me what you had equipped yourself with.’” So he went to him and told him. He said to his wife: ‘O so-and-so! Give him what you had equipped me with, and do not detain anything from it at all. By Allah! If you keep anything out of it, Allah will not bless it.’” (Sahih)

2781 It was reported from Ka’b bin Malik who said: “The Prophet (saw) would not return from a journey but only during the daytime.” – Al-Hasan (one of the narrators) said: “In the morning.” – “When he would arrive from a journey, he would come to the Masjid and pray two Rak’ahs in it, and then he would sit down in it.” (Sahih)

2782 It was reported from Nafi’, from Ibn ‘Umar who said: “When the Messenger of Allah (saw) returned back from his Hajj, he entered Al-Madinah, and made his camel kneel down at the gate of his Masjid, then he entered it and prayed two Rak’ahs in it, then he returned to his home.” Nafi’ said: “Ibn ‘Umar also used to do that.” (Hasan)

2783 It was reported from Abu Sa’eed Al-Khudri that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Beware of the wages of the Qusamah (one who distributes the spoils).” He said: “We asked: ‘And what is the Qusamah?’ He replied: ‘It is something which is supposed to be shared by the people, and then a portion of it is reduced.’” (Da’if)

2784 ‘Ata’ bin Yasir reported similar (as no. 2783) from the Prophet (saw), he said (in it): “A man is appointed among a group of people, and he takes (as wages) from the share of this one, and from the share of this one.” (Da’if)

2785 ‘Ubaidullah bin Salman reported from a man among the Companions of the Prophet (saw): “When we conquered Khaibar, they took out their share of the spoils from the goods and the captives. The people started trading; buying and selling their spoils. A man came from them to the Messenger of Allah (saw) after he prayed, and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! I have gained so much today, nobody in this valley has gained such.’ He said: ‘Woe to you! How much did you gain?’ He said: ‘I kept on selling and buying until I gained three hundred Uqiyah.’ The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘I will tell you about a man who gained more than you.’ He asked: ‘What is that O Messenger of Allah!’ He replied: ‘Two Rak’ahs after the (obligatory) prayers.’” (Sahih)

2786 Dhul-Jawshan – a man from Ad-Dabab – said: “After the Prophet (saw) had finished with the people of Badr, I came to him with a colt from my mare called Al-Qarha’. I said: ‘O Muhammad! I have brought you Ibn Al-Qarha’, so take it.’ He said: ‘I have no need of it, but if you wish I can give you a selected coat of mail from the spoils of Badr.’ I said: ‘I would not take even a Ghurrah for it today. He said: “Then I have no need for it.”* (Da’if)

*Ghurrah is used for slave, and sometimes for a horse, or mule or some animal in general.

2787 Samurah bin Jundab said: “To proceed: ‘The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Anyone who associates with a polytheist and lives with him, then he is like him.”* (Da’if)

*See no. 456, and no. 2716.